| ObjectiveTo investigate the status quo of oral health literacy of stroke patients,and explore its influencing factors,further build the oral health education program of stroke patients based on the LEARNS mode,and explore the application effect of this intervention program in stroke patients,in order to provide guidance and suggestions for improving the level of oral health literacy of stroke patients.Methods1.Intervention scheme construction stage.A total of 273 stroke patients who met the inclusion criteria in the neurology department and rehabilitation department of two Grade-A general hospitals in Zhengzhou City from November 2021 to February 2022 were selected by convenience sampling method.The status quo of the oral health literacy of stroke patients was investigated using the general data questionnaire,the short form of oral health literacy scale,the oral health impact profile scale,the perceptive social support scale and the general self-efficacy scale,and its influencing factors were analyzed.The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS26.0.Statistical methods mainly include t-test,single factor analysis of variance,multiple stepwise regression analysis,etc.On the basis of the previous status investigation,combined with literature review and by LEARNS mode,the first draft of the oral health education program for stroke patients was developed,and the final draft of the intervention program was further developed after two rounds of expert consultation and preliminary trial.2.Implementation phase of intervention program.A quasi-experimental study was carried out in 80 inpatients with cerebral apoplexy who met the inclusion criteria in the first ward of the rehabilitation department of a Grade-III hospital in Zhengzhou City.The intervention group and the control group were divided by floor by lot.After admission,the doctor arranged the floor and then determined the grouping.The intervention group received oral health education based on LEARNS mode on the basis of routine health education,and the control group received routine health education.General data questionnaire,short form of oral health literacy Scale,oral health impact profile scale,perceptive social support scale,general self-efficacy scale,and oral health behavior records were used to collect scales before intervention,immediately after intervention,1 month and 3 months after intervention,respectively,to evaluate the effects of the two intervention schemes.SPSS26.0 was used for data analysis,independent sample t-test,X~2-test,repeated measure variance analysis,etc.,were used for statistical analysis.P<0.05 was statistically significant.Results1.In this study,273 effective questionnaires were collected,among which the age of stroke patients was mainly distributed from 26 to 87 years old.The score of oral health literacy was 38.52±6.31,the score of oral health impact profile was 35.03±7.97,the score of perceptive social support was55.02±9.42,and the score of self-efficacy was 25.03±4.68.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age,educational level,course of disease,perceived economic pressure,nutritional status,whether received oral health guidance,self-efficacy and ability to comprehend social support were influencing factors of stroke oral health literacy.The results of two rounds of expert consultation showed that the positive degree of experts was 100%,and the authority coefficients were 0.82 and 0.885,respectively.The main content of the intervention plan is to know each other,make plans,change cognition,actively cope with,skill training,practice together,restore hope,monitor feedback,strengthen management,and promote health.The duration of intervention was 3 weeks and divided into 6 times.2.In the whole process,4 patients were lost in the intervention group and 5 in the control group,and a total of 71 cases were completed.(36 participants in the intervention group and 35 participants in the control group)(1)Before intervention,there was no statistical significance in age,sex,marital status and other general information,oral health literacy,oral health impact profile,perceived social support,self-efficacy and oral health behavior scores of the two groups(P>0.05);(2)Comparison of oral health literacy scores between the two groups:After intervention,the scores of oral health literacy in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05);Repeated measure analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences in oral health literacy scores between the two groups on time effect,inter-group effect and interaction effect(P<0.05);The scores of oral health literacy in the intervention group were statistically significant in pair-wise comparison at different time points(P<0.05),and showed a gradually increasing trend with the increase of time;The scores of oral health literacy in control group were higher after intervention than before intervention(P<0.05),but there was no statistical significance at 3 months after intervention compared with 1 month after intervention(P>0.05).(3)Comparison of oral health impact profile,perceived social support and self-efficacy scale scores between the two groups:After intervention,the scores of oral health impact profile in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05),perceived social support and self-efficacy scores were higher than those of control group(P<0.05);Repeated measures analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences in oral health impact profile,perceived social support and self-efficacy scores between the two groups in terms of time effect,inter-group effect and interaction effect(P<0.05);The scores of oral health impact profile,perceived social support and self-efficacy of the intervention group were statistically significant in pair-wise comparison at different time points(P<0.05),the scores of oral health impact profile of control group were lower after intervention than before intervention(P<0.05),but there was no statistical significance at 3 months after intervention compared with 1 month after intervention(P>0.05),the perceived social support and self-efficacy scores of the control group were higher after intervention than before intervention(P<0.05),but perceived social support scores were not statistically significant at 3 months and 1 month after intervention,1 month and immediately after intervention,and 3 months and immediately after intervention(P>0.05)and self-efficacy scores were not statistically significant 1 month after intervention compared with immediately after intervention(P>0.05).(4)Comparison of oral health behavior between the two groups:After intervention,the intervention group was not statistically significant compared with the control group immediately after intervention except for the number of brushing times per day(P>0.05),the scores of oral health behavior indexes at other time points were higher than those of control group(P<0.05);Repeated measure analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences in the scores of each index of oral health care behavior between the two groups in time effect,inter-group effect and interaction effect(P<0.05);The scores of each index of oral health behavior in the intervention group were statistically significant in pair-wise comparison at different time points(P<0.05),and the scores showed a gradually increasing trend.The scores of oral health behavior indexes in the control group were higher after intervention than before intervention(P<0.05),but there was no statistical significance at 3 months and 1 month after intervention,1month and immediately after intervention,and 3 months and immediately after intervention(P>0.05).Conclusions1.The oral health literacy of stroke patients was at a medium and low level,among which culture,age,whether received oral health guidance,self-efficacy,understanding of social support and other factors were influencing the oral health literacy of stroke patients.2.The application of the oral health education program based on LEARNS mode can improve stroke patients’oral health literacy level,improve oral life quality,enhance patients’oral health behavior,improve their ability to comprehend social support and self-efficacy. |
PDF Full Text Request