The Relationship Between RLP,LDL-P And Ox-LDL And Inflammatory Response And Oxidative Stress And The Effect Of Sodium Pyruvate Intervention In Diabetic Atherosclerotic Rats

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD)is one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus(DM).The incidence and case fatality rate of ASCVD are high,which seriously threatens people’s health and life safety.By studying the relationship and possible impact mechanism between diabetic atherosclerosis and remnant lipoprotein(RLP)and low density lipoprotein-particle(LDL-P)and oxidized low density lipoprotein(ox-LDL),and looking for interventions,which are of great significance for the prevention and treatment of diabetic ASCVD.Sixty specific pathogen free(SPF)male Wistar rats aged 6 to 8 weeks were randomly divided into three groups: Diabetic group(DM group,n=20),diabetic atherosclerosis group(DM+AS group,n=20)and diabetic atherosclerosis pyruvate intervention group(DM+AS+PA group,n=20).Before modeling,all rats were fed with normal diet for 3 days,and peripheral blood samples were taken as normal control group(NC)specimens.Among them,rats in DM group were given intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin and high fat diet containing 45kcal% for 12 weeks to induce continuous hyperglycemia symptoms,but no atherosclerosis.Rats in DM+AS group were given intrabitoneal injection of streptozotocin,high-fat diet containing 40% fat,1.25% cholesterol and0.5% sodium cholate and fed with vitamin D3 for 12 weeks to induce continuous hyperglycemia symptoms accompanied by abdominal aortic plaque formation.DM+AS+PA group was treated with intraperitoneal injection of sodium pyruvate for 4 weeks.The rats in DM+AS group were the same as those in DM+AS+PA group except no intraperitoneal injection of sodium pyruvate.Blood samples were collected from rats in each group and the levels of RLP,LDL-P,ox-LDL,hypersensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),interleukin 6(IL-6),malondialdehyde(MDA),and superoxide dismutase(SOD)were measured.In each group of rats,the abdominal aorta was taken separately,pathological sections were made,HE staining was performed,and the changes of the abdominal aorta intima of each group were observed under the microscope.Peripheral blood LDL-P and RLP levels were determined using vertical auto profile(VAP).Ox-LDL,MDA,IL-6 assays were performed by enzyme-linked immunoassay(ELISA),hs-CRP by immunoturbidimetry,and SOD by colorimetry.The changes of RLP,LDL-P,ox-LDL,hs-CRP,MDA and SOD levels in rats were statistically analyzed,and the correlation coefficients between RLP,LDL-P,ox-LDL and hs-CRP,IL-6,MDA and SOD levels were calculated,and P less than 0.05 was statistically significant.The results showed that the abdominal aorta vascular wall of the rats in the DM group was slightly thickened,folds and protrusions could be seen in the tube wall,the vascular lumen was narrowed,the arrangement of vascular endothelial cells was disordered,and a small number of inflammatory cells could be infiltrate.In contrast,the abdominal aorta of rats in the DM+AS group had abnormal vascular wall structure,obvious folds and protrusions of the tube wall,thickened endovascular lumen narrowed,and disordered endothelial cell arrangement,and a large number of adiposed tissues and foamy histiocyte reactions could be seen.However,the microscopic images of the abdominal aorta of rats in the DM+AS+PA group showed that the vascular wall structure was normal,the edges were flat,the three-layer structure of the inner membrane,the middle membrane and the outer mold were clearly visible,the vascular lumen was spacious,and the cells were uniformly stained.The levels of RLP,LDL-P,OX-LDL,HS-CRP,IL-6 and MDA in the DM+AS group were significantly higher than those in the DM group,and the SOD levels were significantly lower than those in the DM group,and P was less than 0.05.In the DM+AS group,LDL-P,RLP and ox-LDL were positively correlated with hs-CRP and IL-6,ox-LDL was positively correlated with MDA and negatively correlated with SOD levels,and P was less than 0.05.LDL-P and RLP were not significantly correlated with MDA and SOD in the DM+AS group,and P was greater than 0.05.The levels of ox-LDL,hs-CRP,IL-6 and MDA in the DM+AS+PA group were significantly lower than those in the DM+AS group,and the SOD levels were significantly higher than those in the DM group,and P was less than 0.05.There was no significant change between LDL-P and RLP levels in the DM+AS+PA group and the DM+AS group,and P was greater than 0.05.The results of the study showed that LDL-P,RLP and ox-LDL were significantly elevated in diabetic atherosclerotic rats,and there were inflammatory responses and oxidative stress problems.The inflammatory response in diabetic atherosclerotic rats may be associated with elevated LDL-P,RLP,and ox-LDL,and the presence of oxidative stress may be associated with elevated ox-LDL.Sodium pyruvate can reduce ox-LDL,hs-CRP,IL-6 levels through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects,and improve the degree of atherosclerosis in diabetic atherosclerotic rats.