Analysis And Optimization Of The Spatial Layout Of Public Healthcare Facilities In The Main Urban Area Of Chengdu From The Perspective Of Equity And Efficiency

In recent years,the proposed fifteen-minute community living circle and the promotion of the strategy of equalizing basic public services have raised the standards for the development of urban public medical service facilities.However,the growth of the population and the aging demographic have led to an increasingly tight supply of public medical resources.Thus,achieving spatial equilibrium and optimal spatial allocation has become crucial in improving the efficiency of medical resource utilization and alleviating medical resource tension.It is of paramount theoretical and practical importance to provide guidance for planners and managers to make informed decisions and allocate medical resources in a scientifically sound and spatially balanced manner.Such efforts can help improve the health outcomes of all citizens,optimize medical resource utilization,and promote sustainable development.Therefore,in order to investigate whether the spatial distribution of urban medical public service facilities is balanced from the perspective of spatial equity and efficiency,this thesis aims to optimize the allocation of medical resources and improve overall public healthcare services.The evaluation of the existing medical spatial layout,exploration of residents’ satisfaction with the convenience of medical facilities,and optimization of the layout of medical service facilities are the three main aspects of this thesis:Firstly,this thesis selected 85 general hospitals located in 76 streets within the primary urban area of Chengdu as the subject of investigation.Subsequently,using Python and ArcGIS software and the assistance of foreign map websites and the API of Gaode Map,the thesis obtained data on the travel time of residents using different modes of transportation to reach general hospitals.Based on this data,the thesis applied an improved coverage method and TOPSIS evaluation method using isochronous circle data to examine the spatial layout of general hospitals,focusing on the distribution of spatial equity and efficiency.The thesis revealed that the spatial layout of general hospitals in the primary urban area of Chengdu exhibited a concentrated distribution pattern of “high in the middle and low in the surroundings”,providing valuable insight for subsequent optimization of the spatial layout.The thesis findings may support urban planners and policymakers in better understanding the spatial distribution of urban general hospitals and provide a reference for optimizing the allocation of urban medical resources,thereby enhancing the quality of medical services and the efficiency of medical resource utilization for urban residents.Secondly,we investigated the variations in residents’ satisfaction with medical facilities and the factors that contribute to such differences at a microscopic level,as perceived by the residents.Our findings revealed noteworthy disparities,taking into account the mode of transportation used by residents,the duration of travel,the frequency of medical consultations sought,the extent to which the purpose of the consultation impacted their satisfaction with the convenience of medical facilities,and the proximity of medical facilities opted for by the residents.Finally,this thesis proposes an approach for optimizing the layout of medical public service facilities,which involves identifying medical shortage areas using spatial local autocorrelation analysis and gridding the area to determine the geometric center of each grid as a candidate point for a general hospital.The approach further utilizes existing facility points,candidate facility points,and the Chengdu road network to construct both a minimization impedance model and a minimization facility point model,thus achieving an optimal layout plan of medical facilities.The application of this approach resulted in a significant improvement in the percentage of the population served by existing hospital coverage,increasing from 75.46% to 90.27%,indicating a more equitable distribution of medical resources and improved access to medical services.Furthermore,this method effectively identifies medical shortage areas,enabling targeted improvements to the level of medical services in such areas,thereby reducing the waste and redundancy of medical resources.In conclusion,this method has significant practical value and provides strong support and guidance for the planning and layout of urban medical facilities.