Association Of Obesity With NAFLD And Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors In Children And Adolescents

ObjectiveTo understand the current situation of overweight obesity,blood pressure and dyslipidemia in children and adolescents in Ningxia,to explore the relationship between obesity and NAFLD and to analyze the distribution characteristics of cardiovascular subclinical indices under different obesity types,different blood pressure and lipid levels,and to further analyze whether NAFLD has an impact on cardiovascular subclinical indices on this basis,so as to provide theoretical support for the prevention of NAFLD and the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases in obese children.MethodsUsing a stratified whole-group random sampling method,5047 children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years(2493 boys and 2554 girls)were randomly selected as baseline study subjects in primary and secondary schools in Ningxia,and questionnaires,physical examinations(including height,weight,waist circumference,hip circumference and blood pressure)were conducted on them;laboratory and clinical study subjects were recruited from the baseline study subjects,and finally 1034 laboratory study subj-ects(523 boys and 511 girls)were included 1034 subjects(523 males and 511 females);185 subjects(69 males and116 females)were enrolled in the clinical examination,including blood biochemistry,vascular endothelial function examination and liver ultrasound examination.The project was approved by the Ethics Committee of Ningxia Medical University,and all study subjects and their guardians signed the informed consent form.Results1.The detection rate of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 in Ningxia was 11.04% and 8.92%,respectively.Among them,the detection rate of overweight and obesity among boys was 16.00% and13.64% respectively,and the detection rate of overweight and obesity among girls was 6.19% and 4.31%.The detection rate of abdominal obesity was 21.72%(28.88%for male students and 14.72% for female students).Logistic analysis concluded that age,urban and rural areas,waist circumference(WC)and systolic blood pressure(SBP)were risk factors for the development of obesity in children and adolescents.2.The detection rate of normal hypertension in children and adolescents aged6 to 18 years in Ningxia was 3.30%,and the detection rate of high blood pressure was 26.46%.Among them,the detection rates of normal hypertension and hypertension in boys were 3.07% and 26.36%,respectively,while the detection rates of normal hypertension and hypertension in girls were 3.53% and 26.56%,respectively.3.The risk factors associated with each subclinical indicator of cardiovascular disease are as follows: correlates of baPWV were BMI and DBP,with correlation coefficients of-0.150 and 0.191,respectively;correlates of CIMT were DBP and WHR,with correlation coefficients of 0.349 and 0.310,respectively;correlates of LVMI were BMI,with correlation coefficient of-0.251;correlates of ABI were SBP,DBP and WHR,with correlation coefficients of 0.158,0.279 and 0.155,respectively.The correlation factors of ABI were SBP,DBP and WHR,and their correlation coefficients were 0.158,0.279 and 0.155,respectively(all the above P values were<0.05).there was no correlation between RWT and each factor.4.the detection rates of NAFLD in children and adolescents in the obese and non-obese groups were 28.6% and 1.7%,respectively.The levels of BMI,SBP and DBP in children in the NAFLD group were higher than those in the non-NAFLD group compared to the NAFLD group,and the differences were statistically significant.The differences in TG,TC,HDL-C,LDL-C,ALT and AST between the two groups were not statistically significant.5.Logistic analysis showed that BMI and SBP were independent risk factors for the development of NAFLD in obese children and adolescents.There was a correlation between NAFLD and high CIMT and low ABI with correlation coefficients of 0.153 and 0.151,respectively.Conclusion1.The detection rate of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents aged 6～18 years in Ningxia was at a high level and significantly higher in males than in females,and the overall detection rate of obesity showed a trend of low age.2.The correlation factors of baPWV were BMI and DBP;the correlation factors of CIMT were DBP and WHR;the correlation factor of LVMI was BMI;the correlation factors of ABI were SBP,DBP and WHR.3.The prevalence of NAFLD was relatively high in obese children,and there was a correlation between NAFLD and high CIMT and low ABI.