Research On Common Words Of Wu Flok Songs Recorded In Shan-Ge

Wu flok songs recorded in Shan-ge are important materials for studying the development history of Wu dialect.This dissertation focuses on the research of these materials,dedicated to solving the following questions: Which of the commonly used words in this document can reflect the spoken language of Wu dialect at that time?Among the words that can reflect the spoken language of Wu dialect,which can reflect the personality? And which can reflect the commonality of Wu dialect spoken language and contemporary spoken language? How have these words changed in later historical periods?In addition to the introduction and conclusion,the main part of this dissertation is divided into three chapters: Chapter 1 lays the foundation for the study of Chapters 2and 3,that is,the words that reflect the spoken language of Wu dialect are isolated;Chapters 2 and 3 are juxtaposed Relationship,from the synchronic and diachronic perspectives of words that can reflect the spoken language of Wu dialect.The common words of Wu flok songs recorded in Shan-ge can be divided into three categories: "non-speaking words in the era of Shan-ge","non-Wu dialect spoken words in the era of Shan-ge" and "speaking words in Wu dialect of the era of Shan-ge".Among them,only the last category can reflect the spoken language of Wu dialect at that time.Wu flok songs recorded in Shan-ge are rare documents that reflects the Wu dialect in the late Ming Dynasty,and the contemporary dialect literature is far less pure than it.Therefore,to determine whether a word reflects the Wu dialect at that time,we must mainly find evidence from within Wu flok songs recorded in Shan-ge.If there are two or more words used to express the same concept,the "speaking words in Wu dialect of the era of Shan-ge" must meet at least two of the following three conditions;If there is only one word expressing the same concept,as long as the last condition is met: 1)The combination ability exceeds other words in Wu flok songs recorded in Shan-ge that express the same concept.2)The frequency of use is higher than other words expressing the same concept in Wu flok songs recorded in Shan-ge.3)The appearance position is not limited by the style of Wu flok songs recorded in Shan-ge.The reason why Wu flok songs’ s common words recorded in Shan-ge existed cannot reflect the spoken language of Wu dialect at that time,mainly because of the inheritance of classic lyrics,the requirements of literary style and the influence of common language at that time.In terms of synchronic comparison,"speaking words in Wu dialect of the era of Shan-ge"can be divided into"words found in two references","words found in only one reference"and"words not seen in any reference".The commonality of Wu dialect words in the late Ming Dynasty and the colloquial spoken words of the same period is concentrated in the first category.The temporal level of these words covers ancient(such as汤,事),medieval(such as寻,吃),modern(such as忒,事干).The personality of the Wu dialect in the late Ming Dynasty relative to the common language is embodied in"words found in only one reference".The reason for the existence of these words is one of the"survival"(such as窠)of the Wu dialect of the late Ming Dynasty and one of the late Ming Dynasty.Wu dialect innovation(such as膝馒头).In addition,because the Tonghua documents used for comparison all have a certain dialect color,"words found in only one reference"provides clues for the relationship between the Wu dialect in the late Ming Dynasty,the Jianghuai dialect,and the Shantou dialect.For example,掼and掮may reflect the commonality of the Wu dialect and the Jiang huai dialect,娘舅is likely to reflect the commonality of Wu dialect and Shan dong dialect in the late Ming Dynasty.In terms of diachronic comparison,"speaking words in Wu dialect of the era of Shan-ge"reflect the Wu dialect in the Suzhou area in the late Ming Dynasty.Most of these words are used by modern Suzhou dialects(presented by the same word form and main semantic position),although there are also meaning domains(such as乌)and referential(such as肥皂)changes in other aspects,but on the whole it is close to the modern Suzhou dialect,reflecting the stability of the Suzhou dialect in the development over time.There are some words that are no longer used in modern Suzhou dialects.Some of the morphemes used in these words are completely replaced by different components(such as穿,洗),and some are only partially dropped or replaced(such as a series of words with the suffix儿).Studies have shown that these changes did not happen overnight,but experienced a process from quantitative to qualitative changes.The research in this dissertation can be used to test the judgment results of the dialect components of the existing modern Chinese works.On the one hand,in the late Ming Dynasty,the use of certain words(such as自家,菜蔬)was not limited to the Wu dialect area of the late Ming;on the other hand,although some words were found in the modern Wu dialect,they were not used by the late Wu dialect(such as闲话,今朝).It is not appropriate to use the appearance of these words to determine that the documents that come out have the color of Wu dialect.The research in this dissertation also proves that the value of Wu flok songs recorded in Shan-ge in the study of the history of Chinese dialects is not only to trace the earliest origins of certain modern Wu dialect words,but also to provide clear examples of regional attributes for modern Chinese vocabulary research;What’s more,this corpus can show the specific usage of common words in early Wu dialects,and provide reliable data for the outline of the evolution of the literature with the characteristics of later dialects.