Research On Construction Of Liberal Arts In National Peking University(1912-1937)

Discipline construction is the source of motive force and eternal focus in the development of modern university.As the defender of humanistic spirit in modern university,liberal arts should not lose its glory and significance in the trivial and practical reality.National Peking University is a pioneer in the construction of liberal arts in our national university.A historical review of the history of liberal arts construction in National Peking University is helpful not only to explain the importance of the development of liberal arts and to expand the study of the history of disciplines in modern Chinese national universities,but also to understand the unique tradition of the development of liberal arts,it provides certain reference and reference for the current construction of liberal arts in universities.This study focuses on the course of liberal arts construction in National Peking University from 1912 to 1937,using the methods of literature study,investigation and case study,it can be divided into three stages:the construction of liberal arts of National Peking University in the early period of the Republic of China(1912-1916),the construction of liberal arts of National Peking University around the May 4th movement(1917-1927)and the construction of liberal arts of National Peking University in the early period of the Republic of China(1928-1937),based on the three dimensions of the management paradigm of the liberal arts,the activity form of the liberal arts organizations and the academic development pattern of the liberal arts,this paper analyzes the content and development direction of the liberal arts construction of the National Peking University in different periods,to reveal the characteristics and laws of liberal arts development of National Peking University.In the early period of the Republic of China,the construction of the liberal arts in National Peking University established the status of the liberal arts through the reorganization of the Confucianism,and carried out the management form of ’Senior autocracy",it follows the organizational structure of "Discipline-gate",defines the scope of teaching and learning activities by "The area of completely governing the old learning",and maintains a clear boundary between teaching and learning activities and other disciplines,based on inheriting Chinese traditional culture and civilization,open the academic development path of preserving the quintessence of Chinese arts and continuing the tradition.In the construction of liberal arts in National Peking University around the May 4th movement,the restructuring and renewal of the system of liberal arts was achieved by implementing the ideas of academic branch schools and departments of the Department of Abolishment;In terms of the organizational form of liberal arts,it follows the organizational structure form of "Section-department",to carry out and expand the scope of teaching and learning activities with the concepts of "Communication of arts and sciences","Freedom of thought"and"All-embracing",to communicate with other disciplines,to be interactive and inclusive,and to go beyond tradition,breaking down the barriers between disciplines;In terms of the development pattern of liberal arts,taking the pure study of advanced learning as the academic basis and inheriting the traditional academic research,the reform has initiated a series of new academic fashions,such as the establishment of specialized academic institutions,the establishment of various academic societies,the holding of various academic lectures and the establishment of various academic journals,the academic development of liberal arts has entered a new track of modernization.In the early period of the national government,the liberal arts system of the National Peking University was adjusted and standardized according to the new college system;In terms of the organizational form of liberal arts,it follows the organizational structure form of "Institute-department",continues the tradition of academic freedom,and expands the spatial scope of teaching and learning activities of teachers and students to a greater extent,to further promote inter-disciplinary cooperation and exchanges,while building the administrative and academic separation of organizational order to maintain the arts education and teaching order,stability;In terms of the development style of liberal arts academia,guided by the values of improving academic and academic supremacy,we will deeply promote the regularization of liberal arts academic research institutions and academic groups,explore institutionalized channels for liberal arts academic exchanges,and strive to truly cultivate and cultivate a group of liberal arts academic elites.The development and change of the liberal arts construction of National Peking University is a complicated process of the establishment,discipline and knowledge change,it shows that the disciplinary system is both ecological and inclusive,the disciplinary system is moving from a single to a multi-group collection,and the disciplinary academic consciousness is in the maintenance of traditional culture,internally,it follows the law of existence,which adapts to the macroscopical needs of serving the development pattern of the country and society,the law of growth,which takes the influence of advanced learning as the Axis to develop people and research functions,and the natural law of integration and coordination with different disciplines to stabilize the order of development,it suggests that the construction of liberal arts in our country should fully grasp the unified niche between idea and system,break through the boundary of discipline itself to promote the cross-discipline,and return to the logic of the standard of discipline academic and personnel training.