From Scholar-bureaucrats In The Late Qing Dynasty To Intellectual In The Early Republic Of China

At the end of the Qing Dynasty,Luo Chengxiang(1865-1926),a intellectual from Sichuan Province,gained national fame for his outstanding achievements in the imperial examinations and was promoted by Emperor Guangxu.As the only top scholar in Sichuan Province in 267 years of the Qing Dynasty,he was promoted to the scholastic and official class,and then served as an official in Shanxi Province to promote learning until the fall of the Qing Dynasty.In the Republic of China,he first served as the Chairman of the Sichuan Provisional Provincial Assembly and a member of the National Assembly.Soon after,he retired from politics.As a famous scholar and local sage,he discussed current politics and devoted himself to Sichuan culture and education until his old age.Luo Chengxiang experienced the change of the old and the new when the Qing Dynasty fell and the Republic of China was founded.He was in the turbulent era of "great changes never seen in a thousand years" and personally experienced a series of historical events such as the Hundred Days’ Reform,the Boxer Revolution,the New policy at the end of the Qing Dynasty,the fall of the Qing Court,Yin Changheng’s expedition to the West,the defense of the country and the war against Yuan,and the war between warlords.These are presented in his collection of poems,The posthumous manuscript of Qingyi Lou.As a scholar-official,Luo Chengxiang successively served as the superintendent of Peking University College,the examiner of Guangxi Township Examination,the superintendent(principal)of Guangxi Law and Administration School,and the prefects of Shanxi University,all of which played a good role in the cultivation of talents and the improvement of educational atmosphere in the revolutionary era of the late Qing Dynasty and made positive contributions.At the beginning of his tenure in the Academy,he participated in Yang Rui and Liu Guangdi’s organization of the "Shu Society" and founded the "Shu School".As a scholar after the Republic of China,Luo Chengxiang first served as the president of Sichuan Institutions of Higher Learning,then the president(President)of Sichuan Special School of Traditional Chinese Studies(Sichuan National College),the director of Preparatory Office of Sichuan University,and also taught in Sichuan Law and Politics School and Chengdu Higher Normal University.He resolutely promoted the development of higher education in Sichuan,especially the preparation of Sichuan University.It has left a valuable legacy for the education of Sichuan.The confidant,sichuan tour according to make bold yuan shikai Chen Yi "San Dian for yuan",but also writing the glow brilliant page in the history.Luo Chengxiang devoted himself to wushu education in his later years and promoted the development of Wushu as a folk sport in the whole society.As one of the famous "Five old men and seven sages" in Chengdu during the period of the Republic of China,Luo Chengxiang was indifferent to fame and wealth and had high morals.In order to avoid and stop the war,let the local peace and people live and work in peace,he fulfilled his social responsibility as a traditional scholar,gave play to the reputation and social influence of "top scholar" status.In the special period of warlords scuffle in Sichuan,he tried his best to deal with the mediation between various factions of warlords,and at the same time raised resources to develop higher education in Sichuan,and won the respect of all circles.Locke Chengxiang is in the era of great changes.Although he is not lack of political talent,and has a high starting point of "Number One Scholar" origin,his career can actually be called the official not showing,which is consistent with his fate at a critical time in historyLuo Chengxiang lived in a great era of great changes.Although he had political talent and a high starting point of being a "number one scholar",his official career could actually be called "unremarkable",which was closely related to his opportunities and choices at key moments in history.Because of the Guangxu Emperor’s promotion of grace,his heart always lingering for the Qing house,with a strong complex of loyal ministers.After the establishment of the Republic of China,although he adapted to The Times,kept pace with The Times and made some achievements,in the depths of his inner thoughts and emotions,he was always in the deep contradiction of "taking the new and protecting the old",which reflected the contradiction and law of the transformation of historical figures from the scholarist class to the scholarist of the Republic of China at the time of the replacement of the old and the new with the collapse of the imperial system and the birth of the Republic.In this sense,Luo Chengxiang is a representative figure in modern Sichuan.Behind his complex and multi-faceted features,he more embodies the commonality of this group.Therefore,for the study of Luo Chengxiang,it is necessary to closely focus on the historical background of the transition between the old and the new,identify specific historical details,and conduct empathic investigation and analysis in the position of the historical figure,so as to obtain research conclusions consistent with historical facts,so as to help a more accurate interpretation of a historical figure and its era.