Research On Ideal Personality Of Traditional Wushu From The Perspective Of Moral Cultivationof Neo-Confucianism Of Song And Ming Dynasties

“The ultimate achievement of culture is personality”,achieving ideal personality is the ultimate pursuit of Chinese traditional culture.As a relatively complete and influential cultural system in traditional culture,Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming dynasties was not only the main stream of thought at that time,but even today,it still has positive significance.The theory of moral cultivation in Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming dynasties is the special theory of shaping the ideal personality,which points out the direction,provides the method and clarifies the path for the ideal personality cultivation.Traditional wushu is not only a way of fighting,but also a culture of double cultivation in morality and art.The ideal personality is also the ultimate pursuit of traditional wushu.Historical facts have shown that the traditional wushu,which developed rapidly in the song,Yuan,Ming and Qing dynasties,were deeply influenced by the Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming dynasties,especially the theory of moral cultivation of the Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming dynasties.It has fundamentally influenced the thinking mode,behavior practice and value orientation of martial arts practitioners,and systematically shaped the ideal personality of traditional wushu.Based on the theory of moral cultivation of Neo-Confucianism in song and Ming dynasties,this paper makes a systematic study of the ideal personality of traditional wushu by using the methods of literature research,historical analysis,transplantation and system analysis.The results are as follows:(1)Influenced by the theory of moral cultivation of Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming dynasties,the goal of the ideal personality cultivation of traditional wushu is the gentleman(a kind of moral personality,which has not only the proper external behavior,but also the inherent character of knowledge,benevolence,courage and perseverance).(2)The moral cultivation theory of Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming dynasties has four positive effects on shaping the gentleman’s personality of traditional wushu: “Setting high goals first” to lead the wushu exercisers to lay a foundation of being a gentleman;understanding the “principle” of things thoroughly to promote the wushu exercisers to achieve the “intelligence” of gentlemen;highly advocating the virtue subject to promote wushu exercisers to achieve the “benevolence” of gentlemen;building a solid foundation for practice to promote wushu exercisers to achieve the “courage” of gentlemen.(3)From the perspective of Neo-Confucianism moral cultivation theory in Song and Ming dynasties,the methods and approaches of traditional wushu gentleman personality cultivation can be detailed as follows: the way of external tempering from “ignorance” to “knowledge” composed by “practice to calm the mind:dedication and perseverance of the gentleman fortitude” and “practice to know the principle: the hard work of a gentleman”;the way of inner self-cultivation from“learning” to “morality” composed by “practice to strive for virtues: understanding the congenial gentleman self-restraint ” and “ practice to get benevolence: gentleman’s integrity of self denial and self litigation”;the way of uniting inside and outside from“skill” to “Tao” composed by “practice to be brave: the integrity of a gentleman held by respect and righteousness” and “practice to develop independent character:gentleman’s personality of being integrity and neutrality.(4)The contemporary values of ideal personality cultivation of traditional wushu from the perspective of Neo-Confucianism moral cultivation theory in Song and Ming dynasties are mainly as follows: Setting up lofty aspirations with Wushu “ambition” to temper individual will and strengthen the national spirit of constantly striving;cultivating “awe-inspiring righteousness” with Wushu “knowledge” to lead people to seek truth and goodness and develop the right life values;strengthening moral self-discipline with Wushu“benevolence” to maintain a stable and harmonious relationship between the group and the individual and promote the development of the harmonious socialist society;enhancing the sense of responsibility with Wushu “courage” to promote a high unity of moral cognition and practice,and promote the construction of national civilization.