A Study On Realization Of The Body Of "Gua" In Gan Dialect Of Dongkou,Hunan Province

Dongkou is located in Shaoyang,Hunan Province,but the dialect there belongs to the Dong Sui Pian area of Gan dialect,which is the result of “Jiangxi Filled Huguang” in history.The realization mark is a body mark to express real meaning.This paper takes Dongkou,Shaoyang,Hunan Province as the main investigation site,obtaining corpuses from field investigation,analyzing the realization symbol "gua" in Dongkou dialect from the syntactic and semantic perspectives,and comparing it with "gua" in Taihe dialect and "ga" in Changsha dialect.The study of realization mark "gua" in Dongkou dialect is helpful to explore the position of function words in "verbverb complement-dynamic auxiliary word",and to analyze the differences and similarities between realization,perfect and perfective,which is of great value in the study of this kind of words in other language.From the syntactic position,this paper describes the "gua" of Dongkou dialect in detail,and finds that it can play a role in four situations: "predicate + gua +object/complement","predicate + gua + object/complement + le ","gua + le " and "gua" at the end of the sentence.In the above formats,in addition to the sentence ending "gua",others can be collocated with a variety of syntactic components,including action verbs,psychological activity verbs,tendency verbs,and single verbs expressing existence and change,as well as intermediate complement phrases.At the end of a sentence,"gua+le" is often used in conjunction with adjectives,while the single "gua" is mostly used in interrogative sentence,"ba" construction and "bei" construction,which is very limited in the rest of the sentence categories or sentence patterns.Semantically,through the analysis of "gua" and "guale" at the end of the sentence in different modes,patterns,and their collocation with verbs and adjectives,we can see "gua" as a realization aspect marker,with reality and weak motivation.By comparing "gua" in Dongkou dialect with "gua" in Taihe and "ga" in Changsha,it is found that "gua" has some differences with the latter two,such as the range of collocation,whether it can be used as independent sentences,and whether the following sentence can be added.The sentences using "gua" have many expanded and varied forms,while the sentences using "gua" in Taihe and "ga" in Changsha are relatively limited.Then embarks from the syntactic collocation and word collocation,thinking that the "gua" is in the later apart of "results complement > phase complement > auxiliary",and tend to be "auxiliary".However,"gua" in Taihe and "ga" in Changsha are in the front apart of that.It reflectes the realization of the body of "gua" ’s position in grammaticalization chain.This is not only the requirement of internal system balance,the function of frequency principle,but also the effect of language contact,geographical location and economic development of Dongkou.