A Study On The Willingness Modality Of "Xiang(想)" "Yao(要)" And "Xiangyao(想要)" Based On Textbook Analysis

According to the teaching practice,we found that international students are likely to confuse"xiang(想)""yao(要)""xiangyao(想要)".Therefore,in the second chapter,after examining"Boya Chinese"and"HSK Standard Course",we found that"xiang(想)""yao(要)""xiangyao(想要)"have some limitations in the arrangement order,English interpretation,and sentence description in the textbook.Based on the lack of knowledge arrangement in the textbook,the third chapter makes a detailed analysis of their willingness from three aspects,and summarizes the difficulty level of the three students acquire.Based on the above analysis,the feasible teaching material knowledge points are put forward in the fourth chapter.In terms of semantic characteristics,the three have different degrees of willingness,in the degree of willingness,"yao(要)">"xiangyao(想要)">"xiang(想)","yao(要)">"xiangyao(想要)">"xiang(想)",and firmly"yao(要)">"xiangyao(想要)">"xiang(想)".The semantic feature of"xiang(想)"can be expressed as[+will,-action,-determination].The semantic feature of"yao(要)"is expressed as[+will,+action,+determination].The semantic feature of"xiangyao(想要)"is[+will,±action,-firm];the differences in dynamics mainly reflect the subtle differences in the use of personal pronouns.In terms of grammatical functions,the forms of questions are different.When"xiang(想)"and"yao(要)"are expressed in the sentence,"xiang(想)"and"yao(要)"can be replaced.When"xiang(想)"and"xiangyao(想要)"ask questions through the way of"person+verb","xiang(想)"and"xiangyao(想要)"can be replaced.In terms of the difference of modification composition,the three can be replaced with each other by the negative adverbs"bu(不)"and"mei(没)",and the"xiang(想)"and"xiangyao(想要)"can be replaced.In terms of pragmatic characteristics,the use environment of the three is different from the communicative objects.If you want to get help from others or communicate with the two sides,you can only use "xiang(想)".If the two sides are unequal or ask others to do something,you can only use "yao(要)".Based on the above analysis,we put forward suggestions on the arrangement of textbooks according to the difficulty level acquired by students.First,the relatively suitable arrangement order is"xiang(想)"of will,"yao(要)"of will,"xiang(想)"of"think","yao(要)"of"need","buyao(不要)"of"dissuade,prohibit"and"xiangyao(想要)"of will.Second,the English interpretation,textbooks should determine a unified translation standard.Third,the textbook should enrich the questions,exclamation sentences and other sentences,and increase the scene practice of person transformation.Fourth,the textbook should clarify and perfect the negative form definition of"xiang(想)""yao(要)""xiangyao(想要)".Fifth,the textbook should emphasize the modification components of the example sentences,highlight the significance of"xiang(想)""yao(要)""xiangyao(想要)"after being modified.Sixth,the textbook should distinguish between the identity of the communicative object.I hope the above suggestions can help students better learn to"think","want"and"want".