A Taxonomic Study On The Subtribe Quediina Of China (Coleoptera:Staphylinidae)

Quediina is a large subtribe of the tribe Staphylinini in the family Staphylinidae. Most of them are predatory on mites, springtails and other small invertebrates and of significant importance to the forest ecological system.Up to the present,1352 species,43 genera of Quediina have been known from all the zoogeographical regions of the world, among which,12 genera and 249 species from China (199 from Mainland,55 from Taiwan and 5 from both Mainland and Taiwan). More than 20 authors have studied the Chinese fauna of the group, but our knowledge is still far from adequate.In the present study, about 700 specimens were collected from various nature reserves of China and examined. The result is summarized as follows:1. It is the first systematic works of the subtribe Quediina of China.2. In this paper,12 genera and 71 species of the subtribe are recorded, of which, 22 are described as new:Anchocerus giganteus sp. nov., Bolitogyrus huanghaoi sp. nov., Indoquedius brunneus sp. nov., Indoquedius caoi sp. nov., Indoquedius giganteus sp. nov., Indoquedius yunnanensis sp. nov., Quedius (Microsaurus) brunneus sp. nov., Quedius (Raphirus) aeruginosus sp. nov., Quedius (Raphirus) caeruleus sp. nov., Quedius (Raphirus) caoi sp. nov., Quedius (Raphirus) decoris sp. nov., Quedius (Raphirus) gracilis sp. nov., Quedius (Raphirus) hainanensis sp. nov., Quedius (Raphirus) hamatus sp. nov., Quedius (Raphirus) hallos sp. nov., Quedius (Raphirus) moluoensis sp. nov., Quedius (Raphirus) prasinalus sp. nov., Quedius (Raphirus) qingchengensis sp. nov., Quedius (Raphirus) robustus sp. nov., Quedius (Raphirus) spadiceus sp. nov., Quwatanabius lii sp. nov., Quwatanabius zhejiangensis sp. nov; four are new to China:Acylophorus puncticeps Fauvel, Acylophorus libialis Cameron, Indoquedius daai Smetana, Quedius (Dislichalius) japonicus Sharp, and five are new to Mainland China:Heterothops oculalus Fauvel, Induquedius shibatai Smetana, Quedius (Raphirus) bih Smetana, Quedius (Raphirus) kurosawai Shibata, Quetarsius neu Smetana. All the species are described and illustrated with habitus and sexual characters in detail, together with their histories, collecting data and distributions.3. Keys to the genera and species of Chinese Quediina, to the subgenus of the genus Quedius of China, and a catalog of Quediina of China are given.4. Databases of all the known genera and species of the world are built.5. The phylogenetic relationships of the genera of Chinese Quediina are constructed.1. Anchocerus giganteus sp. nov. (Fig.3, PlateⅠ-C)The new species can be distinguished from A. shibatai Smetana (1995) and A. schuelkei Smetana (2005) by its relatively larger size; by dense and fine punctuation of head; and by different shape of the aedeagus. It can be distinguished from the unnamed species of Anchocerus mentioned by Smetana (2005) from Fujian Province of China by dense punctation of head and by the female tergite 10 that has setae only near margins in its apical portion.Holotype:(?), Fujian Prov., Longyan City, Meihuashan Nature Reserve, Guihe Village, alt.1500m,27.Ⅴ.2007, HUANG Hao & XU Wang leg. Paratypes:2♀♀, same data as holotype;1(?), Fujian Prov., Longyan City, Meihuashan Nature Reserve, Guihe Village-Gouzinao, alt.1700-1800m,28.Ⅴ.2007, HUANG Hao & XU Wang leg; 2(?)(?), Fujian Prov., Longyan City, Meihuashan Nature Reserve, South slope of Gouzinao, alt. 1650-1700m,30.Ⅴ.2007, HUANG Hao & XU Wang leg; 1(?),Zhejiang Prov. Qingyuan County, Baishanzu Nature Reserve, alt.1050m,4.Ⅴ.2004, HU Jia-Yao & TANG Liang & ZHU Li-Long leg.; 1♀, Zhejiang Prov., Qingyuan County, Baishanzu Nature Reserve, alt.1000m,25.Ⅴ.2008, HUANG Bao-Ping & YAN Ying leg.2. Bolitogyrus huanghaoi sp. nov. (Fig.5, PlateⅡ-A) The new species is similar in appearance to B. electus Smetana and Zheng (2001). but can be distinguished from the latter by having paramere slightly shorter and sensory peg-setae distributed only near sides of apical portion of paramere. (In B. electus paramere extends distinctly beyond apex of median lobe, with sensory peg-setae distributed also in apical median part of paramere.)Holotype:(?), Yunnan Prov., Baoshan City, Tengchong County, Datang Village, 14-Ⅵ-2005, HUANG Hao leg.3. Indoquedius brunneus sp. nov. (Fig.13, PlateⅣ-A)The new species can be distinguished from I. radius Zhao & Zhou (2010) by reddish brown antennae; paramere extending beyond apex of median lobe; sensory peg-setae distributed in middle part of apical portion of paramere. (In I. radius, apical 3 segments of antennae yellow; paramere extending not reaching apex of median lobe; sensory peg-setae distributed only near sides of apical portion of paramere.)Holotype:(?), Fujian Prov., Longyan City, Meihuashan Nature Reserve, Guihe Village, alt.1500m,27.Ⅴ.2007, HUANG Hao & XU Wang leg. Paratypes:1(?),6♀♀, same data as holotype.4. Indoquedius caoi sp. nov. (Fig.14, PlateⅣ-B)The new species can be distinguished from I. shibatai Smetana (1995) by paramere extending beyond apex of median lobe, with 13 sensory peg-setae in apical part. (In I. shibatai, paramere extending not reaching apex of median lobe, with 7 sensory peg-setae in apical part.)Holotype:(?), Yunnan Prov., Jinghong City, Nabanhe N. R., Bengganghani, Chuguohe, alt.1750m,28-Ⅳ-2009, HU Jia-Yao & YIN Zi-Wei leg. Paratype:1♀, same data as holotype.5. Indoquedius giganteus sp. nov. (Fig.16, PlateⅣ-D)The new species can be distinguished from I. nonparallelus Zhao & Zhou (2010) by antennae with apical 4 segments yellow; paramere extending equal to apex of median lobe, with sensory peg-setae distributing in 2 areas. (In I. nonparallelus, antennae with apical 6 segments yellow; paramere extending distinctly beyond apex of median lobe, with sensory peg-setae longitudinal distributing in apical median part.)Holotype:(?), Yunnan Prov., Jinghong City, Nabanhe N. R., Bengganghani, Nanmugahe, alt.1750m,30-IV-2-V-2009, HU Jia-Yao & YIN Zi-Wei leg.6. Indoquedius yunnanensis sp. nov. (Fig.19, Plate V-C)The new species can be distinguished from I. bicornutus Zhao & Zhou (2010) by smaller size; paramere extending distinctly beyond apex of median lobe, with 8 sensory peg-setae. (In I. bicornutus, body length:9.5mm; paramere extending equal to apex of median lobe, with 10 sensory peg-setae.)Holotype:(?), Yunnan Prov., Jinghong City, Nabanhe N. R., Benggangxinzhai, alt. 1800m,17-XI-2008, HU Jia-Yao & TANG Liang leg.7. Quedius(Microsaurus) brunneus sp. nov. (Fig.29, PlateⅧ-A)The new species can be distinguished from all the known species of Quedius by head with 3 additional punctures between anterior and posterior frontal punctures; with 3 additional punctures between posterior frontal punctures and posterior margin of head; paramere with 4 sensory peg-setae in each row.Holotype:(?), Sichuan Prov., Luding Coun. Hailuogou N. R., alt.2200-2300m, 27-VII-2006, HU Jia-Yao & TANG Liang leg.8. Quedius (Raphirus) aeruginosus sp. nov. (Fig.42, PlateⅪ-B)The new species can be distinguished from Q. bisignatus Smetana (2002) by paramere with obtuse apex, with dense sensory peg-setae in apical 1/4. (In Q. bisignatus, paramere with acuate apex, with sensory peg-setae distributed near sides of apical portion of paramere.)Holotype:(?), Zhejiang Prov., Anji Coun., Longwanshan N. R.,3-Ⅹ-2003, LI Li-Zhen leg. Paratypes:1(?),7♀♀, same data as holotype; 4(?)(?), 5♀♀, Zhejiang Prov., Anji Coun., Longwanshan N. R.,3-Ⅹ-2003, HU Jia-Yao & TANG Liang leg; 1♀, Zhejiang Prov., Anji Coun., Longwanshan N. R.,4-X-2003, HU Jia-Yao & TANG Liang leg; 1(?),3♀♀, Zhejiang Prov., Anji Coun., Longwanshan N. R., alt.950-1200m. 25-Ⅳ-2004, CHEN Jing leg.; 2(?)(?),1♀, Zhejiang Prov., Anji Coun., Longwanshan N. R., alt.950-1200m,25-Ⅳ-2004, ZHU Jing-Wen leg.;1(?), Zhejiang Prov., Anji Coun., Longwanshan N. R., alt.950-1200m,25-Ⅳ-2004, ZHU Li-Long leg.; 1♀, Zhejiang Prov., Anji Coun., Longwanshan N. R., alt.950-1200m,25-IV-2006, LI Jin-Wen leg.; 2♀♀, Zhejiang Prov., Lin'an City, Tianmushan N. R.,9-15-VI-2000, LI Li-Zhen leg.9. Quedius(Raphirus) caeruleus sp. nov. (Fig.47, PlateⅫ-C)The new species can be distinguished from Q. bisignatus Smetana (2002) by apical part of median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view not expanding ventrad; paramere extending equal to apex of median lobe. (In Q. bisignatus, apical part of median lobe of aedeagus expanding ventrad; paramere extending distinctly beyond apex of median lobe.)Holotype:(?), Sichuan Prov., Emei shan,17-VII-2003, HU Jia-Yao & TANG Liang leg. Paratype:1♀, same data as holotype.10. Quedius(Raphirus) caoi sp. nov. (Fig.48, PlateⅫ-D)The new species can be distinguished from all the known species of Quedius by large eyes, length of eyes about 6.40 times as long as length of temples; elytra with dense and relatively sparse punctures; paramere with 5-6 sensory peg-setae in each row.Holotype:(?), Yunnan Prov., Jinghong City, Nabanhe N. R., Bengganghani, Nanmugahe, alt.1700m,13-Ⅺ-2008, HU Jia-Yao & TANG Liang leg. Paratypes:1(?), 1♀, same data as holotype; 1(?),Yunnan Prov., Jinghong City, Nabanhe N. R. Bengganghani, Chuguohe, alt.1750m,28-Ⅳ-2009, HU Jia-Yao & YIN Zi-Wei leg.11. Quedius (Raphirus) decoris sp. nov. (Fig.50, PlateⅩⅢ-B)The new species can be distinguished from O. shu Zheng (2003) by male 8th stcrnite with narrow and shallow emargination in apical margin; paramere with 23-24 sensory peg-setae in each row. (In Q. shu, male 8th sternite with wide and shallow emargination in apical margin; paramere with 10-11 sensory peg-setae in each row.)Holotype: (?), Yunnan Prov., Lushui Coun., Yakou, alt. 3000m, 21-VI-2010, TANG Liang leg.12. Quedius (Raplurus) gracilis sp. nov. (Fig. 52, Plate XIII-D)The new species can be distinguished from Q. shu Zheng (2003) by reddish brown pronotum; paramere extending equal to apex of median lobe, with 6-7 sensory peg-setae in each row. (In Q. io, pronotum dark brown; paramere extending not reaching apex ofmedian lobe, with 5 sensory peg-setae in each row.)Holotype: (?), Ningxia Prov., Jingyuan Coun., Fengtailinchang, alt. 2400m, 13-VII-2009, YIN Zi-Wei leg. Paratype: 1 (?), same data as holotype.13. Quedius {Raplurus) hainanensis sp. nov. (Fig. 54, Plate XIV-B)The new species can be distinguished from Q. barbarossa Smetana (2002) by symmetrical paramere with 7-9 sensory peg-setae in each row. (In Q. barbarossa, paramere unsymmetrical, with 12-13 sensory peg-setae in each row.). The new species can also be distinguished from Q. kallos sp. nov. by scutellum impunctate; sensory peg-setae extending to apical 1/8 of paramere. (In Q. kallos, scutellum with some coarsepunctures; sensory peg-setae extending to apical 1/4 of paramere.)Holotype: (?), Hainan Prov., Changjiang Coun., Bawangling N. R., alt. 1000m,ll-IV-2010, YIN Zi-Wei leg.14. Quedius (Raphirus) hamatus sp. nov. (Fig. 55, Plate XIV-C)The new species can be distinguished from Q. motuoensis sp. nov. by dorsal rows of pronotum each with 5 punctures; apical part of median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view curved dorsad, forming a hook; paramere with 5-6 sensory peg-setae in each row. (In Q. motuoensis, dorsal rows of pronotum each with 3 punctures; apical part of median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view not curved dorsad; paramere with 35 sensory peg-setae ineach row.)Holotype: (?), Yunnan Prov., Lushui Coun., Pianma, alt. 2400m, 24-VI-2010, TANG Liang leg.15. Quedius (Raphirus) kallos sp. nov. (Fig.57, Plate XV-A)The new species can be distinguished from Q. barbarossa Smetana (2002) by scutellum with some coarse punctures; male 8th sternite with narrow and shallow emargination in apical margin; symmetrical paramere with 9-10 sensory peg-setae in each row. (In Q. barbarossa, scutellum impunctate; male 8th sternite with wide and shallow emargination in apical margin; paramere unsymmetrical, with 12-13 sensory peg-setae in each row.)Holotype:(?), Yunnan Prov., Jinghong City, Nabanhe N. R., Guomengshan, alt. 1200m,8-V-2009, HU Jia-Yao & YIN Zi-Wei leg.16. Quedius (Raphirus) motuoensis sp. nov. (Fig.59, PlateⅩⅤ-C)The new species can be distinguished from Q. hamalus sp. nov. by dorsal rows of pronotum each with 3 punctures; apical part of median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view not curved dorsad; paramere with 35 sensory peg-setae in each row. (In Q. hamatus, dorsal rows of pronotum each with 5 punctures; apical part of median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view curved dorsad, forming a hook; paramere with 5-6 sensory peg-setae in each row.)Holotype:(?), Xizang Prov., Motuo Coun., Hanmi, alt.2200m,19-Ⅷ-2005, TANG Liang leg. Paratypes:2(?)(?),1♀, same data as holotype.17. Quedius (Raphirus) prasinatus sp. nov. (Fig.62, PlateⅩⅥ-B)The new species can be distinguished from Q. shu Zheng (2003) by scutellum with some coarse punctures; paramere in ventral view widened in apical part, with sensory peg-setae distributing along sides. (In Q. shu. scutellum impunctate; paramere in ventral view narrowed apicad in apical part, with sensory peg-setae distributing along mid-line.)Holotype:(?), Yunnan Prov., Jinghong City, Nabanhe N. R., Bengganghani, Huazhulianshan, alt.2300m,29-V-2009, HU Jia-Yao & YIN Zi-Wei leg. Paratypes: 3(?)(?), 3♀♀, same data as holotype.18. Quedius (Raphirus) qingchengensis sp. nov. (Fig.63, PlateⅩⅥ-C)The new species can be distinguished from Q. muscicola Cameron (1932) by legs with only meta tibiae dark brown; male 9th sternite roundly projected in apical margin; paramere with 16-17 sensory peg-setae in each row. (In Q. muscicola, legs with both meso and meta tibiae dark brown; male 9th sternite triangularly emarginated in apical margin; paramere with 12 sensory peg-setae in each row.)Holotype:(?), Sichuan Prov., Dujiangyan City, Qingchengshan, alt.1100m, 2-Ⅷ-2009, HE Wen-Jia & TANG Liang leg. Paratypes:3(?)(?),4♀♀, same data as holotype.19. Quedius (Raphirus) robustus sp. nov. (Fig.64, PlateⅩⅥ-D)The new species can be distinguished from Q. gang Smetana (1996) by median lobe of aedeagus in ventral view without branches in apical part; paramere with 20-22 sensory peg-setae in each row. (In Q. gang, median lobe of aedeagus in ventral view with a finger like branch on each side in apical part; paramere with 16-17 sensory peg-setae in each row.)Holotype:(?), Zhejiang Prov., Lin'an City, Tianmushan N. R.,6-Ⅴ-1998, LI Li-Zhen leg. Paratypes:1(?),1♀, same data as holotype; 1(?), Zhejiang Prov., Hangzhou City, West Station. 1-Ⅴ-2001, LI Li-Zhen leg; 1♀, Zhejiang Prov., Ningbo City, Tiantong, 26-IV-2009, SHENG Qin-Fen leg.; 1♀, Zhejiang Prov., Ningbo City, Tiantong, 27-IV-2009, ZHU JIAN-Qing leg.; 1♀, Zhejiang Prov., Lin'an City, Qingliangfeng, Lumingyougu, alt.850m,18-VII-2009, FENG Ting & YIN Zi-Wei & YUAN Xiao-Zhuan leg.; 1(?),Zhejiang Prov., Lin'an City, Tianmushan N. R., Gaoling, alt. 830-900m,31-V-2010, WANG Yu & XU Xiao-Na & ZHU JIAN-Qing leg.; 1♀, Zhejiang Prov., Lin'an City, Tianmushan N. R., alt.300m,15-Ⅷ-2010, HU Jia-Yao leg.20. Quedius (Raphirus) spadiceus sp. nov. (Fig.65, PlateⅩⅦ-A) The new species can be distinguished from Q. perng Smetana (1995) by paramere extending beyond apex of median lobe, with 27-29 sensory peg-setae in each row. (In Q. perng, paramere extending not reaching apex of median lobe, with 13 sensory peg-setae in each row.)Holotype:(?)Sichuan Prov., Luding County, Hailuogou N. R., Shengtaizhan, alt. 3000m,25-Ⅵ-2009, LI Li-Zhen leg.21. Quwatanabius lii sp. nov. (Fig.69, PlateⅩⅧ-A)The new species can be distinguished from Q. flavicrnis Sharp (1889) by dark brown elytra; male 8th sternite with triangular emargination in apical margin; internal sac sclerites without branches. (In Q. flavicornis, basal 1/3 of elytra reddish brown; male 8th sternite with round emargination in apical margin; internal sac sclerites each with a short branch in apical 1/3.)Holotype:(?), Guangdong Prov., Shaoguan Coun., Nanling N. R.,17-VIII-2010, TANG Liang leg. Paratypes:2♀♀, same data as holotype.22. Quwatanabius zhejiangensis sp. nov. (Fig.70, PlateⅩⅧ-B)The new species can be distinguished from all the known species of Quwatanabius by reddish brown pronotum; length of paramere about 1/3 times as long as length of median lobe; internal sac sclerites slightly curved inward.Holotype:(?),Zhejiang Prov., Lishui City, Qingyuan Coun., Baishanzu N. R. alt. 1500m,22～23-Ⅺ-2008, TANG Liang & ZHANG Feng leg.