The Study On The Genetic Diversity Of 8 Populations In China

China is located in the central part of Asia with large populations and 56 nationalities. To study the genomic diversity of these populations is not only significant for understanding the genome diversity of Chinese populations and their genetic relationships, but can provide some evidence and information for investigating the origin and the migration routes of East Asian as well.The genomic diversity of 8 populations in China, including Nu, Lisu, She, Shandong Han, Bai, Naxi, Tu, and Sala, was examined by using 30 autosomal short-tandom-repeat polymorphisms, 479bp of mitochondrial control-region D-loop HVI, and 17 Y-chromosome biallelic markers. The genetic distances obtained by 3 kinds of genetic diversity loci were almost the same. The results showed that the distance between the isolated Nu and the other 7 populations was further than that among the other populations, and that it was the same as Lisu affected by a founder effect. The distance between She and other nationalities was somewhat further due to its far geographic location and language classification. The distances obtained by 3 kinds of genetic diversity loci between Bai and Shandong Han were close, proving that the gene flow of Han nationality have fused into Bai during its formation. The analysis of the genetic distances between three pairs of populations (Lisu and Nu, Bai and Naxi, Tu and Sala) with neighboring geographic locations revealed that the gene exchanges in paternal society were mainly subjected to the moving of women, and that the divergence of the polymorphism of nuclear genome among these gene exchanges reacted a bit quicker than that of mitochondrial genome and the STRs genotypes and heterozygosities could become close quickly, and that the divergence of Y-chromsome polymorphism reacted even slowly. The constructed phylogenetic tree indicated that the results of 3 kinds of genetic diversity loci were not consistent, and that the phyiogenenic trees of mtDNA polymorphism were almost the same as the autosomal STR...