| Quantum information is the use of quantum physics principles and properties of classical information to represent and manipulate information. Quantum computation has capabilities that exceed those of traditional'classical'computation. Security of quantum communication that could very well be the first commercial application of quantum physics at the single-quantum level is ensured by the physics principles. The great foreground has intrigued enormous interest in this field of research. However, the quantum key distribution protocols do not exploit the full potential of quantum mechanics. Thus the theoretical study of quantum communication is necessary. Although quantum computation has shown the great power of computing capabilities, the basic properties of quantum computation, such as preparation of information, information erasure and recovery, have to be studied deeply. Significant new results are show as below:1. A secure direct quantum communication protocol was presented, in which single photon in mixed states was used to transmit secret message for the first time. Security proof was presented and the experimental feasibility was discussed.2. A wide extension of the ping-pong protocol was given. A denial-of-service attack scheme was shown to attack in the ping-pong protocol. The capacity of the ping-pong protocol was improved doubly with dense coding. A simple eavesdropping scheme was presented to eavesdrop on the ping-pong protocol. Considered the ping-pong protocol in the noisy quantum channel, the quantum key distribution protocol by using ping-pong protocol was shown. And the upper bound of the bit-error in quantum channel was given.3. A general discussion of denial-of-service attack was given. A secure direct quantum communication protocol using entanglement was presented which is a real one-time-pad key protocol. With quantum nonlocality of and current techniques, one can protect the quantum communication against...
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