Design And Analysis Of Quantum Information Hiding Protocols In Quantum Secure Communication

Quantum communication,which is based on the quantum mechanics,has absolute security in theory.Compared with classical information science,quantum information hiding has better imperceptibility because the quantum information transmitted cannot be clonned and quantum has non-locality character.Quantum steganography,as a branch of quantum information,can be divided into many categories.The most common one is that realizes covert communication based on single-particle or multi-particles quantum states by making full use of their physical characteristics.In quantum steganography,the quantum channel always has a certain quantum noise,and the quantum noise affects the transmitted quantum particles,thus affecting the transmission of information.Therefore,the anti-noise quantum steganography protocol has important practical significance.In this paper,we introduce the main contents as follows:(1)Based on improved ping-pang protocol,an anti-noise and efficient quantum steganography protocol is proposed.The new protocol adopts the local quantum logic gates to achieve the embedding and extraction of secret information by use the characteristics of quantum entanglement effectively.Furthermore,the resistance of quantum secret information in the new protocol to the quantum noise is analyzed in detail by way of example.Finally,the performance analysis give the conclusion that the new protocol not only has good imperceptibility,high security,but also large payload.(2)Based on ?-type entangled states,an anti-noise bidirectional quantum steganography protocol with large payload is proposed.In the new protocol,the transmission of the secret information dose not affect the transmission of the carrier information,what means the secret information and the carrier information can be transmitted simultaneously.Compared to the previous quantum steganography protocol,the capacity of the new protocol can be greatly improved by a variety of ways.Furthermore,the impact of common quantum noises on the new protocol is also listed in detail,indicating the anti-noise robustness of the new protocol.Finally,the detailed analysis results prove the new protocol has good imperceptibility and high security.(3)Based on Brown states,an anti-noise quantum steganography protocol is proposed.The carrier in the new protocol is Brown state which has five particles,resulting in a significant increase in imperceptibility and capacity.Different from the previous protocols,the new protocol does not use the classic channel in the process of transmitting secret information,which ensures security.In addition,the new protocol also has resistance to quantum noise.Analysis shows that even the secret information transmitted in a channel with quantum noise,its also has a high fidelity.