| The aim of Oil and Gas Resource Evaluation is to delineate the gathering places of oil and gas in the ground floor and to predicate the resource of the exploration area in terms of the long-range perspective through the analysis of the rule of the reservoir of oil and gas. As the thought and method of objective analysis and predication of the generation and distribution of oil and gas, the Petroleum System can effectively guide the oil and gas exploration. It also can reduce risk, lower costs and improve the efficiency of exploration. The research object of the Petroleum System is the petroleum basin, which is an object entity with special information, while the Petroleum System is used to analyze and determine all the factors of the basins. In the process of research, the system not only pays attention to the integrity and comprehension of the oil reservoir, but also all the factors from static to dynamic. It also conducts the evaluation of the area which bears oil and gas based on three-dimensional space. As an effective tool in the treatment of special data, with the development of its theories and technologies, GIS is applied to all walks. Along with the combination of GIS and petroleum geology, the advantages emerge when GIS is used to process and analyze the special data. Thus, GIS offers a convenient associated means and method to the data management, data analysis and visualization in oil and gas evaluation. Based on the combination of Petroleum System and GIS and the research object of Petroleum System, this dissertation applies the methods and functions which are supported by GIS in the analysis of static geological factors, dynamic geological factors and their interactions.Making a profound research of the method of thinking of Petroleum System and GIS'associated function to oil and gas resource evaluation, this dissertation puts forward a set of theories and methods used to oil and gas evaluation, named Petroleum Geological Information System, shorted as PGIS. PGIS is not only a system established based on the theories and methods Petroleum System and GIS, but also a technological system guided by the Petroleum System. based on GIS, PGIS establishes the relevant functions of petroleum evaluation, and supplies various special and dynamic petroleum geological information to the research of petroleum geology and petroleum evaluation as well as the computer determining service system.The degree of the accuracy of the petroleum evaluation data will influence the final result of the evaluation. Thus, the accuracy of the adopted data should be guaranteed. The Kriging interpolation of Geological statistics is a main method in the predication of geological data. Since it is a method used in partial evaluation, it has some limitations. In the process of interpolation,it cannot take the actual geological situations into consideration. However, the petroleum data often has the characteristics of tendency and region. In order to perform the actual geological features after the predication, the dissertation adopts the Kriging interpolation to predicate the data which has tendency. To the data with a regional feature, this dissertation proposes expert Kriging interpolation. This method, based on the study made by the geological experts, puts forward the boundary conditions. Applying the boundary conditions to restrict the distribution of regional contours, the results will be more in line with the actual geological features.When Petroleum System makes the petroleum evaluation, it evaluates the static geological factors, the dynamic factors and the interactions between them. PGIS applies a mathematical model to express the geological concept model, and integrate with the special analysis of GIS. Then it realizes the integrated system which can input, manage, deal with, analyze and visualize the actual geological factors. This dissertation adopts different analytical methods to deal with different contents. The synthetical evaluation of source rocks is based on the grid data, and it is realized by the modules with superposition functions. In the PGIS, the evaluation of the reservoir bed is to evaluate the physical parameters of reservoir bed synthetically. This thesis integrates neural network's analysis method with the GIS system, and then expands the spatial analysis function of GIS, finally realizes the synthetical evaluation of the reservoir bed; the evaluation of cap rock is to evaluate the trap petroleum ability of cap rock. Combine the fuzzy clustering method with GIS, this thesis applies this model to classify the cap rock, and then definite the rank of cap rock's seal capacity. One of the main research aspects of Petroleum System is the dynamic geological functions, while one of the main research contents of dynamic geological factors is the oil-gas migration. In PGIS, the simulated route of the petroleum migration is based on grid data, guided by the petroleum reservoir theory, according to the oil-gas migration mechanism. This dissertation designs a special algorithm to realize the simulation of the petroleum migration route. The designing thought of this algorithm is based on the fluid potential. It takes the unconformity, skeleton sand and fault as the migration channel and transfers them to penetration rate. Normalizing and superimposing them, the oil-gas migration control chart can be produced. Based on the boundary of source rock in this chart, we can seek and definite the oil-gas migration route; The thought of Petroleum System is to recognize the system in terms of the interaction within the system. It highlights the key question that the multi-factors organically match to the petroleum reservoir. According to the distribution of source bed, reservoir bed and cap bed and the type of the petroleum migration channels, this thesis classifies the multi-factors composition into four classes: the continual model, the unconfirmed model, the break model and the destructed model. According to the features of contacting model and channel, the author classifies each composition into certain sub-classes. Since the reservoir conditions of each model are different from others, the reservoir condition of each model should be evaluated to establish the grading standard.PetroGIAS, as the entity of the PGIS technological system, is an intelligent determining system which integrates data management and petroleum evaluation. The system adopts C# as the development environment, the ArcGIS Engine as the development component to realize the system function. It also adopts the way of managing the graph and attributes database to manage the system data. The functions of the system include data input and management, data process, visualization and output, which are the universal functions of the GIS soft platform. The evaluation of the source rock, the evaluation of the reservoir bed and cap bed, the simulation of the petroleum migration route are the extended functions this system, which manifests the high degree of integration of the petroleum exploration and GIS experts knowledge in this field.This dissertation takes petroleum evaluation of Yan Ji basin Dalazi period as the sample, and applies the methods to practice. It makes the research of petroleum evaluation based on GIS and Petroleum System. Through the analysis of sample, we can find out that the methods and theories proposed in this dissertation are valid and feasible. The findings of the research are illuminated in the following: (1) The advantage regions of the source rocks lie in the center of the Chaoyangchuan Depression, the surroundings areas of Yan Ji and Zhangyandong to Congming region of Dexin Depression; The advantage reservoir beds are mainly in the Chaoyangchuan Depression. However, the reservoir beds in Dexin Depression and Qingchaguan Depression are relatively disadvantage, and lie in theâ…¡andâ…¢districts of the reservoir bed evaluation; The advantage cap beds mainly distribute in the northeast part of Dexin Depression and Qingchaguan Depression, while the cap beds in the Chaoyangchuan Depression are relatively disadvantage; (2) According to the result of the petroleum migration route, we can find out that the petroleum of Qingchaguan Depression mainly migrates from the boundary of the source rock to north, east and south. The petroleum of Dexin Depression gathers from the east and west sides to the middle uplift. The petroleum of Chaoyangchuan Depression migrates from the boundary of source rocks toward the around areas. (3) Through the research on the evolution of formation, evolution of faults, sedimentary environment, and petroleum migration mode, we conclude that Yan Ji basin Dalazi period mainly has four kinds of multi-factors composition model: the continuous inter-bed model, the continuous side change model, syn-depositional fault model and the destructed fault model. (4) After the synthetical analysis of the above researches, the dissertation divides Yan Ji basin Dalazi period into seven advantage exploration region, that is, Zhangyandong-congming, around Yan Ji, Tong Fusi, Chaoyangchuan, Dongshengyong-dongming, Nanyangping, northwest part of Longjing city. It also evaluates and grades each region in accordance with the reservoir conditions of that area, and provides an important decision making basis for the evaluation of petroleum basin.
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