Mathematical Hui Tong Between Chinese And Western World And The Evolution Of Chinese Traditional Mathematics In Later Ming And Early Qing Dynasty

Based on a historical method, the restoration of ancient mathematics, this study aims at investigating mathematical problems such as the Hui Tong between Chinese and Western Mathematics in later Ming and early Qing Dynasty and the original form of traditional mathematics (including Nei Suan and Wai Suan). Philosophical conclusions were drawn:through the Hui Tong between Chinese and Western mathematics, restruction occurred in traditional mathematics (the translocation between Nei Suan and Wai Suan). The status of mathematics in the Confucian system was raised. Compared with the existing research in related fields, these three aspects are innovative as well as meaningful.Firstly, the restoration of ancient mathematicsSince "Mr. Science" was invited to China in May Fourth Movement period, we have had many things to do to his standard. A lot of researches on mathematical Hui Tong between Chinese and Western in later Ming and early Qing are as the same, and then, using western mathematics as a major cause, "questions", "critical", "impact", "dismemberment" and so on happened to Chinese traditional mathematics and traditional culture. We can not help but think of Chuang Tzu's sympathy and frustration on the "chaos":is the "chaos" being dug the "chaos"? Does he also live as usual? Another saying coexists with, that is. the essence coexists with the dross in traditional culture. The fortune-telling, one of the dross, often links to traditional Nei Suan. How does the essence coexist with the dross? How does this situation change? These problems can not be avoided in the current culture-building and rehabilitation of Chinese culture.Mr. Wu Wen-jun, one of the world's leading mathematicians, historians of mathematics proposes the ideology of "the restoration of ancient proving", which is the additional proof for the only remaining conclusion of ancient mathematics should fit the actual development of mathematics in this region at that time. and should not be "baseless creations" and "man-made cut and polish". American scholar Mr. Paul A. Cohen) advocates the thought of "restoration of ancient history" on Chinese history. exploring the precise starting point of Chinese people to further change within Chinese society (power and morphology), and advocate the multidisciplinary collaborative research. Thomas Kuhn the American historian of science, philosopher of science, has proposed "paradigm" theory in the research on history of science. Michel Foucault, French historian, and a philosopher, has proposed the ideology of "The Archaeology of Knowledge". Drawing on these ideas, methods, we propose the ideology of "the restoration of ancient mathematics" on the Hui Tong between Chinese and Western Mathematics in later Ming and early Qing:we should respect the traditional Chinese mathematics'historical fact that Nei Suan and Wai Suan were interwoven then, and should respect mathematicians'strong desire of Hui Tong Chinese mathematics with Western mathematics, and their psychological experience, and respect the intrinsic links between mathematics and other aspects of the traditional culture (such as the Confucian concept of management) at that time. Only based on the above can we research the conditions of mathematical Hui Tong between Chinese and Western, and its influence on Chinese traditional mathematics, and Chinese traditional culture.Secondly, Hui Tong between Chinese and Western mathematicsIn this study, we have restored the Hui Tong between Chinese and Western mathematics in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, the two parts of traditional Chinese mathematics and their changes, and the associated Confucianism.(A)We have restored the Hui Tong between Chinese and Western mathematics in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. As for the Mathematical Hui Tong between Chinese and Western, the existing researches are fragmented, and their Systematic are not enough; meanwhile this ideology is very important. After the introduction by Xu Guang-qi in the late Ming, it almost developed into a paradigm of academic research in China for Several hundred years of history. But there were few studies on the theme outlining a complete picture of it. By scholars" investigating the Ming and Qing mathematical works and their ideologies (see the second chapter), the relationship between Chinese and Western mathematics during this period would be classified as Hui Tong. not "Western mathematics impact on Chinese Mathematics"(see the conclusion of this paper). The impact tellers pay too much attention on the introduction of Western mathematics, while pay too little attention on Hui Tong after the introduction of western mathematics. In this study, we take Hui Tong as a new perspective (different from academic form), which have made a complete picture of the academic form, and filled the blank. We can avoid the defects of other perspectives, such as taking the center of the West or China, and can see more scenes than the inputting and the incoming angle.(B) We have restored the traditional mathematics as a large mathematical concept. Most existing researches study Nei Suan or Wai Suan separately. This split the integrity of traditional mathematics. This study starts from a large mathematical concept, which is the universe idea, or the thinking method. This restores the ancient science, and the traditional mathematics'original ecological form. It also discusses their development or decline process in the Hui Tong.(C) We have restored two discourse spaces in the process of Hui Tong. The two discourse spaces are public discourse space and private discourse space. This study discusses the power of discourse both in their formations and changes, and reveals that more effectiveness of Hui Tong exists in the private discourse. This counters the existing conclusions, which thinks Hui Tong has no effect.(D) We have restored two levels of Confucian cultural:Li and Qi. Most existing researches have drawn the conclusion that Hui Tong has little or no effect because they focus on the level of Qi while their examination on the level of Li is inadequate.(E) We have restored two cultural tensions. This paper starts from "backward Confucian" and "open Confucian" concepts defined by the premier Ye Xiang-gao in the late Ming Dynasty, and has explored the Confucian culture tensions of Hui Tong. It is a new idea, which provide historical basis to open the Chinese culture currently.(F) Based on the restoration of Hui Tong and its cultural background, this study is in favor of the point of view that Hui Tong has brought a big effect to Chinese math and culture. This study has demonstrated the existence of Hui Tong's effectiveness and its mechanism.Thirdly, the evolution of Chinese traditional mathematicsBased on the restoration of the ancient mathematics, this study has found that the evolution occurred in Chinese traditional mathematics. The Chinese traditional mathematics'position in Confucianism has been adjusted as well.(A) Chinese traditional math's evolution.1, Nei Suan and Wai Suan have been relocated; 2, Hui Tong math works have an explosive development; 3, Chinese traditional math has revived; 4, the way in which Chinese mathematicians'think have changed; 5, Wu Li, Zai Li, Zhi Li, described by mathematics have changed.(B) The mathematics status'evolution in the Confucian system.1, Wai Suan works have gained the status of "Confucian Classics"; 2, Mathematics has been recognized as the basis of the State Management; 3,The mathematicians'social status has been increased.