Study On The Controllable Synthesis And Characterization Of Chalcogenide Nanomaterials

In this dissertation, solvothermal methods were developed to synthesize metal chalcogenide semiconductor nanomaterials, control the morphologies of the products by adjusting the reaction conditions. All the as-products were characterized and the growing processes were discussed. The details are summarized as follow:1. A novel solvothermal method was developed to synthesize Bi₂S₃. By employing acetylacetone as solvent, Bi₂S₃ monodisperse urchin-like microspheres and microflowers with the diameters of 5 and 8μm, assembled by nanorods, were synthesized at the temperature of 180°C for 12 h and 240°C for 72 h, respectively. The forming process was investigate by varying the reacting time and temperature, and found that the reacting time and temperature are synergistic on the morphology. Namely, the similar products with the morphology of microspheres were obtained at the range of 120¹80°C by adjusting the reacting time, and microflowers was obtained at temperature of 240°C for 72 h. Reviewer in Crystal Growth &Design thought it is"a novel method to fabricate a series of Bi₂S₃ nanostructures with tunable morphology". This solvothermal method was then extended to synthesize CdS and Cu2S hollow nanospheres. Three products with different morphologies were electrochemically treated in lithium ion battery to study their electrochemical property. Furthermore, hierarchical Bi₂S₃ microstructures, including the networks and the hollow urchin-like microspheres, were synthesized in the improved procedure by adding an amount of deioned water and ethanol into the acetylacetone solvent, which are assembled by interwoven nanorods and by nanorods in radial directions. Both the growing processes were discussed. The Bi3+ ions hydrolyzing into BiOCl phase is confirmed to be crucial for the network's formation. A rarely hollow microstructure like bird's nest is also observed in the product which is also assembled by interwoven nanorods. Finally, five products in two groups were treated in lithium ion battery to study their electrochemical property.2. The method based on mixed-solvents method was extended. CdS monodisperse nanorods was synthesized in ternary mixed-solvents was of dodecanethiol-en- acetylacetone, and CdSe nanospheres, ZnS, Cu₂S, PbS, and PbSe nanocrystals were synthesized in binary mixed solvents.3. ZnIn₂S₄, FeIn₂S₄, and CoIn₂S₄ microspheres were synthesized in aqueous and ethanols'solutions respectively. The growing processes were discussed.4. CoV₂O₆.2H₂O nanobelts were synthesized through the hydrothermal method, and the growing process was discussed. Then, the thermostability and electrochemical property in lithium ion battery were discussed.