| Marine sponges are the most primitive multicellular animals and belong to thesessile filter feeder. Sponges have not been of research interest for a long timebecause sponges are non-economic marine animals.Since 1950's a lot of bioactive natural products have been isolated from sponges. The physiological activities of compounds from sponges include antibacterial, anti-tumor, anti-inflammation, anti-HIV. It is noticeable that sponges have been one of the important medicine-source organisms. The research on natural products from sponges is also an important field of marine drug R&D.Based on our investigation of inter-tidal sponge resource in the north of China Yellow Sea, around Dalian City and collecting other species sponges from other sea, Hymeniacidon perleve, Reniochalina sp from China Yellow Sea and two other species of marine sponges from Southern China Sea, Halichondria rugosa Ridley & Dendy and Acanthella acuta Schmidt were chosen as the materials in this study. The extraction, isolation and identification of the natural products from these marine sponges were studied in order to obtain the information on natural products from different sea area and to find new compounds of special structure or leader compounds of medical value. Furthermore, modification of the methods on the isolation and identification of natural product from marine sponges were explored according to the characters of natural sponges from marine sponges.The screening method of natural product from Halichondria rugosa Ridley & Dendy sponge was established. For example,UV absorption value at fixedbioassay method and determination of molecular weight of important natural product were developed. A novel Halistanol Sulfated R-l(22 -(2-hydroxyethyl)-23 , -methyl-24 , -ethyl -cholestane-2 ,3 ,6 -tripotassium sulfate) was isolated from the Chinese sponge Halichondria rugosa Ridley&Dendy. The compound has bioactivity in vitro against HIV(EC50 0.62 g/ml) determined by Kunming Institute of Animal, CAS. The preliminary result showed that the mechanism of anti-HIV bioactivity was probably due to the blocking of the integration of the virus with cells. NMR and TDA were used to determine the molecular weight of this compound. Although by the two method the accurate molecular weight was not obtained we obtain the molecular weight scope.Lipid natural products from Hymeniacidon perleve were studied systematically. On the basis of optimization of extracting and isolation process, 57 compounds were obtained, in which there were thirteen steroids, ten hydrocarbons, three carboxylic acids, seventeen methyl esters including five rare carboxylic ester with odd carbon, and one trilinolein. In addition, there were thirteen environmental pollutants with the major ingredient phthalates.The samples extracted and isolated from Hymeniacidon perleve were tested by bioactive experiments. The results showed 57 percent (8/14) of the fractions from Hymeniacidon perleve exhibited from weak to high bioactivity against Staphylococcus aureus, thirty-nine percent (9/23) of the fractions with bioactivity against the bacteria and fungi and high cytotoxicity. One Unidentified compound with poly hydroxyl structure obtained from Hymeniacidon perleve has not been identified yet. It was tested for biological activity against the human hepatoma cell line Qgy7701, Burkitt's lymphoma cell line Raji and chronic myelogenous leukemia K562. The IC50 were 10.lg/ml, 9.76g/ml and 1.90g/ml respectively.Eight steroid compounds were isolated from Reniochalina sp and and seven ofthat from Acanthella acuta Schmidt respectively. The results of bioactive screening the two sponges showed there were some high bioactive fractions in the samples from two sponges and there were some fractions that have specific activity against Aspergilus niger, Candida albicans, and Staphylococcus aureus respectively.Aim at selectively extracting and isolating steroids from marine sponges, the method of selectively extraction was studied. The effect of mobile phase in the column c...
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