Preparation, Characterization And Application Of Some Inorganic Nanometer Materials

Chapter 1 Preparation and properties of several kinds of nanometer oxide semiconductor photocatalyst materials and the photocatalytic activity and superhydrophilicity of titanium dioxideIn this paper, the recent progress on preparation and properties of some kinds of nanometer oxide semiconductor photocatalysts was reviewed. The photocatalytic mechanism of nanometer oxide conductor material have been explained. The photocatalytic degradation of titanium dioxide on pollutants was illustrated in detail and several important effects on photocatalytic reaction were also discussed. The photocatalytic activity and superhydrophilicity of titanium dioxide thin films and its development and application have been introduced extensively. Finally, the possible development directions and application prospects of nanometer oxide conductor photocatalytic materials were also pointed out.Chapter 2 Preparation, characterization and photocatalytic properties of nanometer zinc ferriteA combustion synthesis method was adapted for the efficient preparation of pure zinc ferrite particles (ZnFe2O4). It is based on the exothermic reaction of the corresponding metal nitrates with a reducing agent and yields extremely fine-grained ashes that readily convert into pure ZnFe2O4 when treated thermally. The composition and microstructure of the so-obtained samples are studied by XRD, TEM and AFM. These results show that the range of particle size of ZnFe2O4 is 15-25 nm. Photocatalytic activities of nanometer are also evaluated by degradation of the curcumin solution.Chapter 3 Degradation of crystal violet using nanometer TiO2 under the synergistic action of H2O2 and ultrasonic waveTiO2 nanoparticles with different phases are prepared by hydrolysis of titanium tetrabutoxide in the presence of HC1. The composition and microstructure of the resulting samples are studied by XRD and TEM. These results show that the range of particle size of TiO2 is from 20 to 30 nm. The mechanism of TiO2 photocatalysis reaction has beendiscussed. Photocatalytic activities of nanometer TiO2 are also evaluated by degradation of the crystal violet solution. Experimental results indicate that the synergistic action of H2O2 and ultrasonic wave greatly enhances photo-catalytic reaction of TiO2.Chapter 4 Preparation of TiO2 Nano-Films and Its surface Structural MorphologyTiO2 nano-films were successfully fabricated by a sol-gel process on glass substrate. The morphology and microstructure of films were investigated via atomic force microscope (AFM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicated that the obtained thin films at different treatment conditions existed great difference. TiO2 nanometer particles distributed homogenously on the film A and its surface was uniform, compact and crack-free. On film B the nanometer particles were aggregated in different fashions, formed irregular second particles and increased obviously the surface roughness of the film.Chapter 5 Preparation and Characterization of Nanometer Bismuth OxideNanometer Bi2O3 was prepared by both solid-phase method and nitrate hydrolyzation method. Its composition, size and microstructure were determined by XRD, AFM and TEM. The results indicated that the sample was spheroidic nanometer particles and solid-phase method was better in preparation nanometer bismuth oxide.Chapter 6 Preparation of Ultrafine Spherical Nickel Powders by Aqueous Reducing MethodA new preparation process of spherical nickel powders by liquid phase reducing method had been investigated in this paper. In which, nickel was used as raw material, hydrazine was used reductive agent, and surface active reagent was also used. The prepared samples were investigated via X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicated that the diameter of the obtained samples was in the range of 40-60 nm.