Studies Of Several Novel Functional Polymers From ATRP

At present, the products of radical polymerization are in the majority (about 60%) of the polymers, which indicate the essentiality of radical polymerization. This is because the most kinds of vinyl monomers can be polymerized by radical polymerization under mild conditions. Furthermore it can react in water without oxygen. On the other hand, more monomers can be copolymerized which produced more radical polymers. There are some shortcomings in the field of traditional radical polymerization, such as the polymerization possess the behavior of out controlled which arose the results of lose of molecular weights, molecular distributions, molecular structure, molecular composing and end functions. Thus, the properties of polymer from radical polymerization were impaired. Some scientists pay more attention to synthesize the polymer with well-definded structure from living polymerization. Jinshan Wang and K.Matyjaszewski etc introduced a kind of living radical polymerization (Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization ATRP), which include initiator (halogenations alkyl), catalyzer (CuCl), ligands (bpy) and monomer (MMA). At the primary phase of initiated stage, the reducing agent of catalyzer undergoes a one-electron oxidation with concomitant abstraction of a halogen atom (X) from a dormant species R-X. Thus, the living species and dormant species were formed. Living species may react with monomer or form dormant species for capturing halogen atom, which induced a lower concentration of living species. Because the fast reversible dynamic balances were established we could synthesize the target polymers or oligomers, which possess well-defined structure, preconcerted molecular weights and low molecular distributions. With the rapid development of technology, more and more polymer materials with function and intellect are required. Some kinds of functional polymer materials such as nanocomposite, electrochemical materials, paramagnetic materials and inorganic/organic hybrid materials attract more attention of scientists. Using fields of these materials involved medical polymer materials (iatric materials medicament transportation, corporal apparatus), electric materials, illuminant materials, non-linear optical field, polymer catalyzer, analytical separate film, polymer sorbents and energy storage of transforming phase. In recently, because the systems of ATRP were studied more and more, many scientists pay more attention to the functional materials using ATRP. Comparing with others "living"/controlled methods the ATRP are better at design of molecule. Now, the applicable studies systems of ATRP are few and far between. Scientists pay more attention to synthesize the functional materials using ATRP. Comparing with other methods of "living" / controlled polymerization the ATRP is good at design. Using ATRP method we also synthesize many kinds of polymers such as block, star, graft, hyper branched (multifunctional) copolymers, inorganic/organic hybrid materials and nonmaterial etc. 1. In this thesis we synthesized a target polymers (poly butyl acrylate) ended by halogens, which own flexible and well-defined polymer chains from ATRP. In succession, the halogens of polymer chains react with thiocarbamide. The macromolecular ligand was synthesized for the thiocarbamide owns strong coordination ability with transitional metal ions such as Cu2+ and Co2+. Macromolecule metal complex were synthesized which possess stable electrochemical activity. Because the content of thiocarbamide is small, the content of metal ions of macromolecule metal complex are small also, which make the structure of polymer metal complex regular. The atomic emission spectroscopy tests the content of metal ions. The cyclic voltammetry tests the orbital energy of HOMO and LUMO of the polymer metal complex. The data of dielectric constant indicate that the properties were improved. This is attributed to the effect of polarization ratio of polymer, which was changed by a small quantity of cations. We synthesized macromolecular ligand wi...