| Montmorillonite interlayer compounds are a new family of functional materials, and can be used widely as catalysts or catalysts carriers, and selective adsorbents potentially, as well as in the fields of nanocomposite materials. In the paper, we used Liaoning's modified Na-montmorillonite (Nmt) as matrices to synthesize a series of montmorillonite interlayer compounds by traditional aquo-phase and microwave irradiation methods, respectively, involving inorganic, organic and organo-inorganic interlayer compounds, after analyzing the properties of Liaoning's and Xinjiang's montmorillonite and modifying them with sodium compounds. With the help of experimental techniques, such as X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, chemical analysis, specific surface areas determination, calcined experiment, thermal gravimetry and differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, magic angle sample-spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and adsorption experiments, et al., we investigated systematically the materials synthesization, their absorption properties in aqueous solution, and the possibilities of their recycled. The main contents and results of this paper are included as following:1 Using the Lmt and the Xmt as the starting materials, we investigated systematically the effect of the types and dosage of modifying reagents, the suspension concentration and the stirred time on the property indexes of materials. The results show that various indexes for the expanded volume, the pengrun values and the cation exchange capacity (CEO of the modified materials are improved more significantly than those of the starting materials. It also indicates the Lmt is better than the Xmt as the starting materials for the preparation of montmorillonite interlayer compounds.2 Taking the Nmt as the matrices, we synthesized respectively Al-pillared, Al-Cr-pillared and AI-Mn-pillared interlayer montmorillonite with traditional aquo-phase method. The results indicate that the intercalating reagents go into the interspaced layers of montmorillonite by ions exchange, the temperature of the evaporation of physisorbed or loosely coordinated water is 106.4 ℃-113.7℃, the temperature of dehydroxylation of OH group associated with interlayer pillars is over range of 476.9℃-538.4℃, the temperature of phase transform is about 900℃. The types of bonded are changed with the different intercalating ions. It infers that non-chemical bonded interactions as van der Waals and electrostatic bonding exited between the Al-pillared interlayer montmorillonite and intercalating ions. To the Al-Cr-pillared and Al-Mn-pillared interlayer montmorillonite, the covalent bonds may be formed between the layers of montmorillonite crystallite and intercalating ions, because the Si-0 bonds in the tetrahedral layer are labilized by the presence of Cr or Mn atoms.3 Using Hexadecyltrimethylammonium (HDTMA) bromide and cetyl pyridinium (CPC) bromide as organo-intercalating reagents and polyhydroxyl-Al as inorgano- intercalating reagents respectively, we fabricated montmorillonite organo-interlayer and organo-inorgano-interlayer compounds with traditional aquo-phase method. The measurement results of XRD and FUR show the base structure of montmorillonite does not change after pillared by organic ions or by inorgano-organic ions. It is suggested that HDTMA is distributed at the form of paraffin-type monolayer, which has a dip angle, 31° against Si-O layer. We give a reasonable explanation on the formation process of montmorillonite organo-inorgano-interlayer compounds basing on the energetics of the adsorption of ionic surfactants at the solid/liquid interface.4 The montmorillonite interlayer compounds were fabricated successfully in the microwave fields besides the traditional aquo-phase method. The results indicate that the structure of the montmorillonite interlayer compounds does not depend on the states and adding ways of intercalating reagents. The Al-pillared reagents are intercalat...
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