Research On MSW Compacting, Separating Technology And Corresponding Mechanical Equipment

Some key problems about municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal technology and corresponding equipment are studied systematically and deeply in this paper.Physics characteristics of MSW recently produced in our country are systematically analyzed. Eight typical MSW disposal models are proposed for a near and a specified future date in our country. Overall evaluating MSW disposal model is presented by means of fuzzy synthesis, a new method for predicting amount of MSW by neural network is explored, and some relevant factors of social and economic development for MSW are analyzed as well by applying theory of Gray System. These methods would be valuable for MSW planning and development of MSW-disposing equipment.The mathematics model and distortion rule of compressed MSW are firstly deduced, thus facilitating study of mechanical properties of MSW. Conception and structure of wedge-shaped compactor is developed. An analytical model for wedge-shaped compactor is established at compressing. Compaction effect of wedge-shaped compactor is studied in details, with some new technologies for enhancing compaction effect brought forward. It has been proved that optimal compression angle should be about 28°, and this wedge-shaped compactor has obtained a national patent.Structure of compactor and container is optimally designed, with some effects of structural parameters on its functions discussed, therefore increasing loadage of MSW and lowering power consumption, relation between pressed density of MSW and its mean stress as well as mean strains were analyzed, thus conveniently calculating presseddensity of the MSW could be practical.The motion stability of vertical chains driver is studied, influence of span on motion stability of chains is discussed, the relation between chain sag, chain length and numbers of chain element is studied, and reason for tooth-leap is analyzed, with a new-style device to prevent tooth-leap suggested. Two loading and unloading mechanisms for container: chains-driver and turning-arm have been designed and nationally patented. Based on five patented techniques, equipment for transferring and compressing MSW has been innovatively designed and developed the products have been independent knowledge copyright. This product has been put into practical application and made considerable economic and social benefit.Principle and mechanism for separating plastics was analyzed and two new methods namely plastics changing-density and optimal separation technique were innovatively developed. By means of these techniques, not only investment on plastics recycling equipment can be greatly decreased, but also obvious economy benefit was achieved. Kinematical characteristics of separated components of MSW in the equipment were analyzed, and relations between density, airflow velocity, airflow obliquity, height of separating zone and separation efficiency of separation equipment were studied. Determined range of these parameters, thus presenting certain theoretical basis for developing plastics separation equipment.The test-beds for MSW compacting and plastics separating are developed and a lot of tests have been conducted. Test results proved correctness of compacting model and plastics separating model thereby the best combination of some operation parameters was obtained. So theory and tests would be important theoretically as well as practically.This study is imbursed by Excellent Youth Scientist Honor Fund (02BS112) and Natural Science Fund (2003ZX005) of Shandong Province.