Applications Of Extraction Methods And Capillary Electrophoresis In Traditional Chinese Medicine Research

The analytical chemistry plays an important part in traditional Chinese medicine research. The applications of analytical chemistry in traditional Chinese medicine research involve the extraction, separation and characterization of the effective constituents in the medicines. In the thesis, three new extraction methods to extract the effective constituents from traditional Chinese medicines were developed. The first method is ultrasonic nebulization extraction (UNE) method. A experimental device was designed and assembled to extract quercetin from Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum. This device was refitted with the ultrasonic humidifier. The effective constitutes in the Chinese drug are extracted at aerosol state. The qucercetin was determined by capillary electrophoresis. Compared with ultrasonic extraction (UE), the amount of extraction solvent and extraction time can be reduced when the UNE was applied. The second method is pressurized microwave-assisted extraction. Pill is the very common shape in Chinese traditional patent medicine. The pill was pilled by mixing the honey with the powder of the traditional Chinese medicine. The pills have strong viscosity and the solvent couldn't easily infiltrate into them. So, to extract the effective constituents from the pills is a hard work. A new extraction method was developed. The pills were coated on the surface of the slide glass and then the slide glass was put in the WR-3TC special pressurized microwave-assisted extraction system to finish the extraction. The flavonoids from Huaiyu pills were extracted by this way and total flavonoids were determined by spectrophotometey. Compared with the conventional pressurized microwave-assisted extraction, the extraction time is shorter, extraction yield is higher and amount of extraction solvent is less when the new extraction method was applied. The third method is improved solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME) method. This method can be applied to extract the volatile oil from the dry traditional Chinese medicine sample without any solvent and sample pretreatment. The volatile oil components from the Zanthoxylum Bungeanum Maxim were extracted by this way and determined by GC-MS. Compared with the conventional SFME, The extraction time is shorter when the improved SFME method was applied. The determination of the querctin in Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum, Hypericum Periforatum, Semen Cuscuta, Herba Euphorbiae Humifusae, Acanthopanax, Ginkgo Biloba L. Leaves and Rhododendron Dauricuml, and simultaneous determination of the querctin and rutin in Flos Sophorae Buds and Flos Sophorae Flowers were performed by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). In this study, the conditions of CZE, such as running voltage, running temperature, injection pressure and time and the components of the buffer solutions were examined in detail. The experimental results for recovery and precision determination showed that CZE is a accurate, fast and highly efficient method to separate and determine the effective constituents from traditional Chinese medicine.