Study Of Chemometrics In The Analysis Of Organic Pesticide Residues In Food

The application of chemometrics in organic pesticide residues analysis has been developed. And the combination of electrochemistry with chemometrics techniques can be used to solve some problems, which are countered in spectrum resolution. Pesticide analysis has received considerable attention over many years, mainly because of the problems associated with environment and food contamination. In the latter case, for items such as fruit and vegetables, contamination can arise from direct application of the pesticides, and the determination of the presence and level of pesticide residues in such foods is fundamental to monitoring and regulatory programs. For environment and food, the residue amounts of pesticides are monitored through two complementary but different approaches: one involves regulatory monitoring focusing on raw agricultural commodities, and measures the levels of pesticides in individual field plots or produce batches for compliance with legal tolerances, and the second considers total-diet studies, in which dietary intakes of pesticides are determined by analysis of fruit and vegetables in the form available for consumption. Levels of the pesticide residues in drinking and surface water is of public concern and according to the European Community (Quality of Water intended for Human Consumption) Regulations (1998 and An amendment 2000) on water quality, the maximum values for individual substances and for total pesticides retained are 0.1 and 0.5 μg l^-1, respectively.The work is divided into six parts.Chapter oneOne of the current requirements in analytical chemistry is to detect and quantify smaller amounts of chemical contaminants in samples of diverse natures, with low cost and time consumption. Hence selective, sensitive, rapid and inexpensive methods of analysis, using rapidly available and conventional instrumentation, must be developed. In part one, it is described and reviewed the application of chemometrics in the determination of organic pesticide residues. Organic pesticide residues can be analyzed by these techniques in the environment and food successfully. Application of chemometrics in organic pesticide residues analysis during recent twenty years is reviewed with 135 references. Optimization of experiment conditions, multivariate calibration method, artificial neural network and signal smooth have been described in details.