Solution Synthesis, Characterization And Properties Of One-Dimensional Inorganic Nanomaterials

In this dissertation, new wet chemical synthesis routes were explored to prepare one-dimensional nanomaterials. 1D nanostructures including nanowires, nanobelts and nanorods of various functional materials, such as ferromagnetic metal (Co), element semiconductor (t-Se), direct band-gap semiconductor (Sb₂Se₃, ZnO) were synthesized by designing possible chemical reactions and controlling the experimental parameters. At the same time, their growth mechanisms were also studied. The experimental details are summarized as follows.1. A feasible solvothermal/hydrothermal reduction route was established to synthesize 1D nanostructures of ferromagnetic Co. Hcp-Co nanobelts with high aspect ratio were produced through the reduction of Co^II by hypophosphite (H₂PO₂^-) in the mixed solution of ethanol and water in the presence of surfactant sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS). It is the first time to report the synthesis of ferromagnetic metal Co nanobelts. The reviewer of Nanotechnology commented "This paper describes the novel preparation of single crystal hcp Co under the shape of nanobelts (and nanosheets)" and "The main feature is that the coercive field of these nanobelts is about 10 times larger than that of bulk Co, which is rather interesting". Hcp-Co nanowires were synthesized through the hydrothermal reduction of Co^II-citrate complex by hypophosphite (H₂PO₂^-) by introducing citrate salts as a complexing reagent and shape modifier at 160℃. The yield of nanowires is above 90%. The roles of SDBS and complexing reagent on the formation of Co nanostructures were in depth investigated. We also probed into the growth process of Co nanowires, and proposed a rational growth mechanism. The reviewer of European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry commented "The paper describes an interesting alternative route to the production of cobalt nanowires".