Solvothermal Synthesis And Characterization Of Carbon Materials At Micro And Nano Scale

Since the discovery of fullerene and carbon nanotubes, carbon materials at microscale have received numerous attentions for its unique physical, chemical and mechanical properties. The main challenge in the synthesis of nanostructured materials is how to precisely control the growth directions, sizes, dimensionalities, compositions, and crystal structures in nanoscale, which can serve as a powerful tool for the tailoring of physical/chemical properties of various materials. In this dissertation, valuable explorations have been carried out on the new synthetic strategies to carbon nanotubes, the rational synthesis of hollow carbon microstructures with tunable shell structures and flower-like carbon nanosheet aggregations as well as their formation mechanism and the novel physical/chemical properties of the as-prepared microstructures. In addition, recent progress on the synthesis of cross-linked hexapod tellurium microstructure has also been reported. The main point can be summarized as follows:A new solvothermal synthetic approcach has been developed to prepare carbon nanotubes at low temperature. On the basis of experiment results, a rolling mechanism has been introduced to explain the formation of the tube-like nanostructures.Base on the anisotropic structures of layered natural graphite, a new ultrasionc wave assisted synthetic strategy has been established to synthesize bamboo-like carbon nanotubes at room temperature.By controlling the cooling process, hollow carbon microstructure with variable morphologies have been successfully prepared through a simple dissolution and precipitation process.A new coverage-sulfurization mechanism has been discovered and utilized in the synthesis of multi-shell hollow carbon microspheres. The as-prepared products have shown superior thermal stabilities to their single-shell counterparts and can have potential application in separate storage for multi components.A facile method has been illustrated to control the synthesis of flower-like carbon...