Preparation And Flame Retardant Mechanism Of Polymer/Fe-montmorillonite Nanocomposites

Polymer/layered inorganic nanocomposites are novel advanced materials, which have become the focus of research in recent years because of their demonstrated excellent thermal gas barrier and mechanical properties compared with those conventional counterparts. The technologies of catalyzed carbonzation and free radical trapping in condensation phase are promising ways to achieve high efficiency. The latest progress in the field of polymer/inorganic nanocomposites and our lab researches were reviewed in this dissertation based on the recent literatures. The combination of nanocomposites and catalyzed carbonzation would become a high efficiency retarding way in polymer materials. In this thesis, several typical polymer/Fe-OMT nanocomposites were prepared by different approaches based on the synthetical Fe-OMT (Fe³⁺ lies in the structure of the silicate layers) which was provided with catalyzed activity and free radical trapping. Then, the relationships among structure and properties, especially thermal stability and flammability properties of the nanocomposites, using both cone calorimetry experiment and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), were discussed in detail. The thermal degradation and crackates by Py-GC-MS of the nanocomposites were studied; the combustion property of nanocomposites was carried out by a combination of macroscopical flammability parameters and microscopic kinetic analysis. The chief work and results as following:Firstly, the Fe-OMT was synthesized using inorganic starting materials and quaternary cationics by hydrothermal crystallization. The structure of Fe-OMT was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-Transformation infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). And the thermal property of Fe-OMT was measured by TGA that the thermal degradation mechanism was in accord with Hoffman degradation reaction. Various Fe-OMT having different d-spacings were synthesized using various carbon chain lengths of quaternary cationics.Secondly, poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/Fe-OMT nanocomposites and...