Study On The Process And Pharmacology Of Nano Radix Salvia Miltiorrhiza Fabricated By High Speed Centrifugal Sheering Technology

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has played an indispensable role in theprevention and treatment of diseases in China. However, original TCM is hard to beabsorbed effectively in the body due to its larger particle size. In order to improve thevalue in use, it is necessary to diminish the size of TCM. Pharmacological effect ofTCM is not only due to its special chemical components, but also closely connectedwith its physical state. Pharmacological effect might well change obviously when themedicinal material size is decreased to micro- or nano-size. For those plant herbs, it isdifficult to be ground to nanosize through conventional grinding method; while highspeed centrifugal sheering (HSCS) technology can be used to grind plant herbs tonanosize within a short time. It is critical of combining nanotechnology and TCM toimprove the utilization ratio and rapid releasing.Using Radix salvia miltiorrhiza as raw material, Radix salvia miltiorrhizananoparticles suspension was prepared at the appropriate process parameters, and thestability of nanoparticles suspension was studied. The powder before and after beingground was characterized by light scattering granulometfic analyzer, SEM, TEM andFTIR. The results show that the average diameter of nanoparticle is about 133nm, andthe stability of suspension can be improved through adding surface active agent.When Radix salvia miltiorrhiza was nanoground, the great majority of plant cellswere broken and the active ingredients could dissolve out quickly and fully. Theextractive quantities of active ingredients were determined using high-performanceliquid chromatography (HPLC). Results show that the dissolving-out quantity oftanshinoneⅡA of nanoparticles is increased 25.62% comparing with raw powder.Furthermore, the dissolving-out quantities of other lipophilic components such astanshinone I and cryptotanshinone are all increased also. During the conventionalwater-decocted process, lipophilic components can't be dissolved out fully, but HSCStechnology can accelerate the dissolution of lipophilic components.In order to study the change of chemical components before and after being nanoground, the fingerprint of Radix salvia miltiorrhiza was established using HPLCmethod. The results indicate that HSCS technology can preserve the chemicalcomponents, and it can be regarded as a new method to extract active ingredientsfrom plant medicine.To improve the stability of nano Radix salvia miltiorrhiza particles and anti-oxidation of active ingredients, microcapsules containing Radix salvia miltiorrhizananoparticles were produced by spray-drying technique using different proportions ofgelatin and sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na) as wall materials. Theeffects of inlet temperature, solution flow rate, spray-gas flow and the mass ratio ofM_wall/M_core on encapsulation yield (EY) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) wereinvestigated. The results show that the obtained microcapsules are hollow spheres,and have a thinner wall thickness. Higher EE and EY are obtained under the inlettemperature of 80℃and the mass ratio of M_wall/M_core of 4:1.TanshinoneⅡA was selected as an index marker and the released process ofactive ingredients in simulated gastric fluid (37±0.5℃) was studied. The resultsindicate that gelatin and CMC-Na can be biodegraded gradually in the action ofgastric acid and active ingredients release out effectively. The cumulative releasedratio reaches about 90% after released hour 5.5h.Pharmacokinetic study in rats followed by oral administration reveals that theplasma tanshinone I concentration-time curve is fitted at two-compartment openmodel, and the pharmacokinetic parameters is calculated using 3p97 software. Themaximal peak time (T_max=1.26h) of tanshinone I in nanoparticles is shorter than thatof raw powder (T_max=2.76h), while the maximal concentration is higher. The areabelow the concentration-time curve of nanoparticles is greater than that of rawpowder, which indicates that medicine after being nanoground can be absorbedquickly and fully, and the bioavailability is improved.