Preparation And Applications Of Carbon Nanomaterials With Amino-groups Modified In One-step Process

The application of carbon materials has been slowed due to their insolubility and incompatibility,which can be improved through surface modification. Functional-group-mediated covalent-modification has been utilized in CNTs.The use of covalent chemistry to link DNA to CNTs is also expected to provide excellent stability,accessibility,and selectivity compared with noncovalent bonding.In general, the surface modification of carbon nanomaterials was all post-treatment after functionalizing the surfaces with acid sites,such as refluxed with nitric acid or treated byγ-irradiation.These acid sites are composed of carboxylic groups or hydroxyl groups.However,the intrinsic electrical and mechanical properties of the carbon nanomaterials would be affected by these harsh treatments due to the many damages on carbon nanomaterials.Strategies of functionalization carbon nanomaterials through their synthesis process might overcome this problem.Higher reaction temperature takes advantages in graphitization of carbon nanomaterials,however,generally that is a disadvantage to introduce functional groups through the synthesis process.Relative lower reaction temperature and suitable reaction precurors are important to obtain functionalized carbon materials in one-step process.The main goal of the present work is to develop a simple and effective solvothermal method to synthesize amino-modified carbon nanomaterials,such as core-shell sructure nanoparticles,carbon microtubes and hollow carbon nanospheres. Their morphology,size,structure and properties were characterized systemically by TEM,HRTEM,SEM,XRD,XPS,EDS and UV-vis spectroscopy.The growth mechanism of the carbon nanomaterials with different shapes was discussed.The major results of the thesis are outlined as follows:1.Core-shell structure Fe₂O₃@C nanoparticles with amino groups modified were synthesized in one-pot process by solvothermal method.Exiperiments were performed to optimize the reaction conditions.Further linking with hydrophilic molecules by well-established carboxyl-coupling chemistries will enhance the hydrophilicity and extend the potential application of these core-shell structure nanoparticles.2.Dechlorination effect of solvothermal process to prepare Fe203@C nanoparticles in various reaction conditions,such as reaction time,temperature,solvents and catalysts,was investigated.3.Magnetite encapsulated carbon microtubes with amino groups modified were synthesized in one-pot process by solvothermal method.The effect of reaction condition on the morphology of the products was investigated.4.Hollow carbon nanospheres with amino groups modified were synthesized in one-pot process by solvothermal method.The effect of reaction condition on the morphology of the products was investigated.5.The feasibility of the core-shell structure Fe₂O₃@C nanoparticles used as MRI contrast agents was investigated.6.The electrochemistry properties of the amino-modified carbon microtubes were also investigated.Dopamine can be selectively detected in the presence of ascorbic acid.The minimal detection limit of dopamine is 1.0μM and the linear range of detection is 5.0μM-0.1 mM.