| The unique volume effect,high surface effect,quantum size effect and macroscopical quantum tunnel effect of nanomaterials was due to their special structure.These characteristic effect bring nanomaterials the special mechanics, electronics,magnetics,calorifics,optics,chemical active,catalyst and superconduction peculiarity etc.The unique characters result in its important application in many fields including national defence,electronic engineering, chemical,metallurgy,light industry,aviation,china,nucleus,catalyst,medicine and so on.Carbon nanotubes(CNTs) is the typical one-dimensional(1D) nanomaterial which possess perfect structure.Owing to its special physical structure,outstanding performance and wide application,CNTs has been paid great attention.The intensity of CNTs could exceed steel wire in 1D bearing.Though dimension of CNTs only 1/100000 of one hair,the average value of Young's modulus of isolated MWNTs has been measured to be 1.0 TPa.The tensile strength of CNTs are up to 100 times stronger than steel,while its density is one-sixth to one-seventh that of steel.The melting point of CNTs is the highest in the materials as known,while its hardness similar to diamond.CNTs possess the supertenacity which make it could be pulled,and the most tenacity could reach 20%of itself in theory.The chemical character of CNTs is very stable which could endure the violet acid,violet alkali and don't be oxidated below 700℃in air.Combining with the above factors,CNTs are believed to be the ideal and limited type materials for nanocomposites,and can be used to make excellent composites with remarkable performance.But,CNTs is easy to agglomerate due to their high surface energy,which make the application of CNTs limited.So,it is very hot that study the alterperformance and application of CNTs.Scientists take CNTs as the increase matter to increase the intensity and tenacity or mechanical capability of the composites in laboratories at present.Also they take the excellent electronic capability and magnetic performance as the medium to enhance material character of the electric,electromagnetism shield and photoelectron emanative performance and so on.Owing to the excellent character of mechanics and electronics,not only CNTs could enhance the intensity,tenacity and conduction of the nanocomposites-CNTs,but also could it promote the electron transfer in the biology substance,(for example protein,dopamine) and environment substance.Recentlly people have paid great attention to the study of electrochemical mechanism,conformation structure, preparation method and surface modify of CNTs.At present,the study and application about nanomaterials have achieved greatly in the world.But there is still a long way for its commercial production,popularization and application on a large scale.In this paper,we reviewed the latest development in the research of CNTs nanocomposites.Focusing on the CNTs nanocomposites,we have investigated three studies,which include fabricating a series of acrylonifrile-CNTs nanocomposites and studying their tribological property and microhardness,taking CNTs/GCE as the check measure to detect dopamine due to the performance of CNTs to promote the electron transfer effectly in the biology substance,and depositing highly monodispersed Ag nanoparticles onto CNTs surface controllablly because of the high surface area and surface effect,quantum size effect and small size effect.The main research of this thesis is as following:1,After acidification,multi-walled carbon nanotubes showed characteristic absorption bands(1580cm-1) in the Raman Spectrum,which reveals that its structure was not damaged.And the FTIR spectrum reveal showed three absorption bands for carboxyl group(1736cm-1),carbonyl group(1601 cm-1) and in-plane bending vibration(1211cm-1) of hydroxyl group.Then we can conclude that the walls of CNTs by proceeding purification and activation have been attached successfully to hydroxyl,carbonyl and carboxyl functional group.2,by means of in situ polymerization method,we have produced polyacrylonifrile-styrene(AS) copolymer and polyacrylonifrile- styrene-CNTs nanocomposites.(AS-CNTs)After disscusing the influences of the content of CNTs, microhardness and dispersion degree on the friction and wear properties of nanocomposites,we discovered that the complex with 1.5%content of CNTs showed the best integrated performance and the worn surface was smooth,uniform and compact relatively.3,Polyacrylonifrile-methylmethacrylate(AMMA) mixed with different carbon nanotubes(CNTs) fractions(AMS-CNTs) have been successfully prepared by means of in situ polymerization method.The result as similar as AS.4,We have prepared the polyacrylonifrile-methylmethacrylate-styrene(AMS) mixed with different carbon nanotubes(CNTs) fractions(AMS-CNTs) successfully by means of in situ polymerization method.After investigating the tribological property and microhardness,we got the better experiment results.5,We detected dopamine with o-MWNTs/GCE in many environments because CNTs could promote the electron transfer in the biology substance.The detected result is very sensitive and selective.6,Owing to their hollow structure and high surface area of CNTs,we expect to get the more efficient nanocomposites Catalyst through depositing metal particle onto CNTs surface.After investigation,we designed a simple way to come true the assume. The as-synthesized composites were characterized by transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD) and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrometry(Uv-vis).The synthesis method provided a flexible route for preparation of novel metal/CNTs hybrid materials.
|
PDF Full Text Request