Integrated Study On Hazard Analysis Of Leakage And Dispersion Accident Of Toxic Materials By Inhalation And Emergency Response Plan

The thesis is the follow-up study on the National Fifteenth Science & Technology Project Comprehensive Pilot Study on the City Public Safety, and Research on the Key Technology of Disaster Prevention and Reduction of Infrastructure in Small Towns. Through the multi-disciplinary integrated use on theories and techniques of toxicology, accident hazards, information technology, the system of emergency exposure limits and hazard model of leakage and dispersion for toxic by inhalation have been built, and study on the key technologies of on-site and off-site emergency response plans for toxic by inhalation for the emergency have also carried out. Secondary development of GIS at the same time is applied to achieve accident model and the seamless integration of GIS and furthermore develop the system of real-time emergency response plan generation on accident hazard of toxic by inhalation, and the research content and main achievements could be seen as follows:1) From the perspective of toxicity pathways, the definition of toxic by inhalation has been confirmed and also extended to include water-reactive materials which produce TIH, as well as chemical warfare agents, and with China's specific conditions, database of priority TIH have been build, to provide data support for the development and implementation of emergency response plans.2) The emergency exposure limits have been put forward to apply for the emergency situations, i.e. high concentrations within a short time for vast majority of people. Though studying the characteristics, similarities and differences, and process etc. of various emergency exposure limits by different countries and organizations, the hierarchy relationship, levels, and exposure time are identified and an system of emergency exposure limits has been built up so as to provide a reference standard for safety planning and assessment, environmental impact assessment, and land planning, and also make up for gaps in this field in China. 3) According to the hazard effects of toxic by inhaled, and using the emergency exposure limit system as toxic hazard criteria to define hazard areas and emergency evacuation region, with the help of interface on MATLAB and Visual C++, the COM Builder of MATLAB could compile the M-files to generate a separate COM objects, integrate and package into Visual Basic to achieve seamless integration between VB and leakage and dispersion model has been constructed accident models.4) Study on the key technologies of on-site and off-site emergency response plans for toxic by inhalation for the emergency have carried out, convergence main body and content are confirmed, the initial accident response theory and method have been constructed, and command ownership on scene is also been explored, finally a framework of emergency response plan for toxic by inhalation generating real-time system has been built.5) With Visual Basic as the development environment, based on the ComGIS (Mapobjects) and database access technologies, MATLAB has been integrated and packaged to simulate leakage and dispersion accident, to achieve seamless integration between GIS and accident models, and the system of real-time emergency response plan generation on accident hazard of toxic by inhalation has been developed.