The Mechanism Of Spatial Restructuring Of The Metropolitan Space Under Evolution Of The Creative Industrial Districts

With deepening up of the globalization process and rise of the new economies as well as great shift of urban and regional development mode since 1980s, the Creative Economy(CE) together with major Metropolitan Spaces(MS) has gone rapidly. Dou seguently, spatial organizations of Creative Industries(CIs) and the MS have become two important themes of many disciplines in recent years,specifically the late 20th century. In this interactive relations between spatial organizations of CIs and MS, particular the integrative mechanism of spatial restructuring of the metropolitan space under evolution of the creative industrial districts have been not was within academic circles both in China and around the outside world. The thesis through review of the relevant theories and using empirical analysis, explores mainly the mechanism of spatial restructuring of the metropolitan space under evolution of the creative industrial districts with to adopting a broad study framework based on economic and urban geographies as well as urban planning.Agglomerate spatial organization of the Creative industries is producted from metropolitan CE and Creative industrial districts(CIDs) could be described as "CIASO".The evolution of the creative industrial districts has fourdirection dimensional factors as life cycle, spatial motive effect, relationship between spatial division of industrial activities and urban function zonation, and landscape within the CIDs have the function in producing creative commodities, and sustainable growth through residence of creative class, relaxation, communion and learning CIDs'spaces in a creative era of the metropolises. In this new era, economic, spatial and social management structures of metropolitan spaces have been changed and renewed as the spatial structure of metropolises has been rebuilt, original model of the old cities has been restructured and function at structure of distribution has been challenged with the space of the metropolis been used more effective.In order to analysis spatial restructuring of metropolitan spaces based on Evolution of the creative industrial districts, the thesis includes four main parts:PartⅠincluding Chapter 1 to chapter 3, discusses introduction, literature review and research framework. Firstly, it analyses the importance of the study of the CIDs and MS in the globalization process and a creative era. Secondly, it reviews relevant theories in literature in forefront fields of economic and urban geography,with focuse on the theory of evolution of the creative industrial districts, urban restructuring. Finally, it describes the ideas and framework of the research. PartⅡincluding Chapter4 analyses and concludes of the theories of evolution of the creative industrial districts with focus on the law of spatio-temporal process of evolution of the creative industrial districts. Firstly. it constructs the analysis framework of the evolution of the creative industrial districts; secondly, briefly analyses the global CI and CIDs development, and chooses the West End Theater District in London, SoHo in New York, Animation Industrial District of Nerima in Tokyo as the international cases; and thirdly constructs the law of spatio-temporal process of the evolution of the creative industrial districts models of spatio-temporal process. spatio-temporal dynamics and evolvement direction in the end. Part III including Chapter5 to Chapter 8, is an empirical study and tentative research on the mechanism of spatial restructuring of the metropolitan space under evolution of the creative industrial districts. In this chapter 5 and 6 study specifically the interactive relationship between spatial restructuring of the metropolitan space and evolution of the creative industrial districts. Firstly, by studying the evolution of the creative industrial districts'effect on spatial restructuring of the metropolitan space,it mainly analyses the driving factors and its interactive mechanism; secondly, MS respondings to the evolution of the creative industrial districts and its effects. Chapter 7 integrates the "effect" and "response", finding that production of creative spaces(PoCS) of urban space is the interactive mechanism of the spatial restructuring of the metropolitan space under evolution of the creative industrial districts.And chapter 8 studies mainly the processes of inner city changes and CI development in Shanghai accredited by the municipal government based on combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. Clarifing the process,interactive mechanism, and patterns, issues of Shanghai metropolitan space restructuring by evolution of the creative industrial districts'effects, proposed government count measures for the construction of creative Shanghai metropolis. And it mainly combines theoretical analysis and empirical studies all together to summarize the main arguments, theoretical accomplishments and the main results. The last part—PartⅣincluding Chapter9, is the overall summary.The main arguments of this thesis are:(1) through analyses on the characteristics of spatio-temporal process of evolution of the creative industrial districts with cases from "the West End in London, the SoHo in New York, and the Nerima-ku in Tokyo". It has been found out:①the formation of CIDs needs some foundations, such as industry advantage, urban space and dynamics;②the characteristics of temporal process of CIDs is "dependent→Aspirational→Emergent→Mature",the characteristics of spatial process of CIDs is "Abandoned industrial area→art industrial agglomeration→CID→creative community→creative space";but the characteristics of spatio-temporal process of internal elements in CIDs are non-linear increase tendency at temporal dimension, agglomerative→diffuse→networking at spatial dimension;③the evolution process has two spatial agglomeration models controlled by the creative class or local government, but which only exist in the emergence period of the CIDs.④the leading-driving factors of emergence, development of CIDs are different each;⑤the evolutionary dynamic of CIDs is compound of the multiple spatial scale production networks spatial overlay and corporate/industry life cycle, corporate network, but the trend of evolution of CIDs is conventional and diversified. (2)the mechanism of spatial restructuring of the metropolitan space under evolution of the creative industrial districts is actually the production results of creative space(PoCS) in which:①changing industrial spatial organization pattern of metropolis impulsed by upgrading of the industrial structure and its MS response promotes the interaction of the CIDs and MS.②The essence of spatial restructuring of the metropolitan space under evolution of the creative industrial districts is economical, cultural and infrastructure projects and their networks, and the driving factors of it are types of the carrier of CIDs and used patterns, the leading industries type creative classes,internal public space,spatial mismatch between housing and employment of creative class;③The MS through actors'spatial cognition and spatial practice adjusts spatial structure and function which can promote the creativity economy and its agglomerative space for sustainable development; the dynamic response of spatial pattern of the MS is gradual, with two types of actors'driving process, and the response mechanism is the local government and the creative enterprise feed mutually in spatial struggle and spatial governance to restructure the MS.④the essence of PoCS is behavioral agents use spatial ability and power to codetermine the spatial practice programme of each project and operative process in creative space construction, the PoCS is creativie space growth process,and also the core of the mechanism of spatial restructuring of the metropolitan space under evolution of the creative industrial districts; the production pattern of PoCS is self-organized by market and other organizations by government activities; the dynamics of PoCS is market, administrative,and social forces, especially the market force is a composition of creative enterprises, creative class and capital; the administrative force is composed by industrial policy, spatial planning and governance of creative industries and the city; the social force is composed by which stimulates CS construction, preference community and individual consumption of CS and production networks of creativity in the era of globalisation and localization at the same time. (3)by case study,it has been found:①the action of evolution of the CIDs in spatial restructuring of Shanghai is along with the transition of the oversea economy, society and space in the inner city of the municipality, growing up of the creative space, accelerating construction process, optimizing spatial structure and promoting and upgrading the urban functions in a global urban networks scale;②Validates of the PoCS is the core of the mechanism of spatial restructuring of the metropolitan space under evolution of the creative industrial districts, however, it was been found that the production of creative spaces development degree is an indicator of the spatial pattern of spatial restructuring of the metropolitan space, and production of creative spaces can be identified by conglomerate of creative enterprise and employee of creative industries. Constructed by means of regression analysis (stepwise linear regression) via SPSS 15.0,GIS spatial analysis via ArcGIS 9.0 and GeoDA 0.9.5.i, identified the growth pattern of creative space in Shanghai is a double center expansion pattern,with the two centers of Jingan and Luwan;③the PoCS of Shanghai is unsustainable, therefore,it must be accelerated in terms of the transition of metropolitan governance from either the industrial policy or metropolitan strategy as to prompte creative urban spatial practiseThe main innovative points of this thesis include:①based on the research paradigm of the restructuring mechanism of metropolitan space and recent progress of economic and urban geography and planning, this thesis constructs a new research framework on spatial restructuring of the metropolitan space, which is an agent- environment - mechanism of the PoCS based on interaction and adjustment between the function & effect of the evolution of the creative industrial districts on spatial restructuring of the metropolitan space and responses of the spatial restructuring of the metropolitan space to evolution of the creative industrial districts.②it finds out also that the "effect" and "response" are two single perspectives of the spatial restructuring of the metropolitan space with the mechanism of change of the MS and CIDs under the evolution of the creative industrial districts and spatial restructuring of the metropolitan space. which will be internalize by the production of creative space.③in this a mechanism linking spatial restructuring of the metropolitan space to evolutionary trend of the MS was been built up, and it is helpful for link further up the MS development to creative space;as well as the mechanism links spatial restructuring of the metropolitan space to the creative urban space in metropolitan areas as a path in construction creative urban space and the spatial restructuring of the metropolitan space based on relevance of evolution of the single or and agglomerate of CIDs and MS.