Study On The Added-value Of Water Resources Under The Life-cycle Condition

As a water shortage country, China has faced low water use efficiency, pollution of water resource, which had become the most serious envriomental and resources'problems and restricted the sustainable development of society and economy in China. The key to resolve these problems is to improve the water resources utilization and use efficiency and to strengthen extra value of water resources. There are a lot of scholars, who had done many researches on improving water resources efficiency, unfortunately, most of literature focus on specific issues such as watershed, region, sector, industry, and none of them has paid attention to systemic, global and the whole process strategic water resources added-value. For example, current water resource added-value research more concerns about water use, while neglect water supply and water waste treament, and most studies focuses on economic benefit ignoring social and environmental benefits. Particularly, added-value of water resources at some stage has not resulted in true value added in the whole process or even it may bring decrease value of water resources. Therefore, it can't solve the water resources problems fundamentally if adopting the partial value-added method in China. Under this condition, the life-cycle theory can be applied in water resources management research to overcome the shortcomings in the previous study. Under the double constraints incluing the supply-consumption-waste treament and the social, economic, and environment the added-value of water resource, the life cycle theory will be used to study how to increase water resource value.Added-value of water resources means that in the compound system of social-economic- environment (ecological), how to use water resources as little as possible, to improve the rate of multipurpose and utilization efficiency of water resources, and create more efficient value and service. The meaning of the life-cycle can be interpreted as the whole sum of the life cycle process which is from"the cradle to the grave". As a special resource, water resource also has its life cycle. However, there is no study both domestic and international to apply the life-cycle theory on added-value of water resources. This article from the perspective of the water resources life-cycle to study the added-value of water resources, include theory, models and mechanisms of water resources added-value. The main contents as follows:(1) Study on the theory and review of life-cycle water resourcesThe theory and review of life-cycle water resources is the basis for further study on water resource management and other related researches. At present, there is not research on water resource life-cycle and water resource life-cycle assessment at all. This article apply the life cycle concept to study the water resource management, to define the concept and content of water resource life cycle, to propose the features and classification of water resource life cycle, and to analyze the flow of real logistic and value in all life cycle of water resource. Based on the theoretical research in life cycle of water resources, the concept, characteristics and classification of the life cycle assessment of water resource is proposed. (2)Study on the theory, model of the added-value water resources and coupling diagnosis method of water resourceThe theory of the added-value water resource is studies referencing these theories which are related to the water resource Added-value and water resource management and considering the features of water resource. It include the water resources'connotation and characteristic, the added-value model at the various stages of one all water resource life cycle. The added-value coupled model under the conditions of the Water resource life cycle is discussed, and the criterion about water resource coupled added value and sustainable development is provided.(3)Study on the added-value patterns of water resources under the life cycle conditionThe water resource used in agriculture, domestic and industry is the study object in different sections. The added-value patterns and approach of the water resource used in agriculture, domestic and industry is studies by dividing the life cycle stages.(4)Study on the added-value mechanism of water resources under the life cycle conditionThe establishment of long-term effect mechanism of water resources added-value under the life cycle condition mainly achieve through the optimal allocation of water resources and water price. It Include two aspects: on the one hand, to formats a reasonable water price mechanism to promote gaining the added-value of water resources and on the other hand, to achieve the optimal water allocation mechanism through water market to realize the added-value of water resources in the whole life cycle process.This paper introduced life cycle theory into added-value of water resource during the whole life cycle of"exploiting-using-discarding". To build a steady theory foundation for promoting comprehensive efficiency of water resource, and to offer new methodology for evaluation the performance of water resource, the contributions and innovations of this paper can be concluded as follows:(1)The life cycle theory is introduced into water resource usage and management.The life cycle theory originates from the energy crisis in 1960s. It is widely used in many fields especially in the ecological environment, which has played a significant role in environmental protection. The process of water resource"exploiting-using-discarding"is an obviously life cycle. However, few domestic researches have done in this area. On the basis of water resource characteristics, this paper introduced the life cycle theory into exploring the flow of physical quantity and value quantity and to evaluate water resource is analyzed, which is original and innovative.(2)Establishing the theory, model and mechanism of added-value water resource during the whole life cycleThis paper focused on the added-value of water resource under the double pressures from life cycle and the multiplexed society-economy-environment system. To develop the added-value theory, model and mechanism, proposed new method for increasing and evaluating comprehensive efficiency of water resource.(3)Establishing the added-value pattern of agricultural water, industrial water and domestic water during the life cycleThis paper introduced the life cycle theory and added-value theory into the agricultural water, industrial water and domestic water, respectively, and to propose life cycly stage of these three kinds of water resources and to offer added-value pattern and approach for the three kinds of water resource in different life cycle phases. It proposed new method for increasing added-value of the agricultural water, industrial water and domestic water.