Study On Human Settlements Construction Of The Historic Cities In Shanxi And Shaanxi Along The Yellow River

Based on the human settlements science and new historical science, the thesis studies on the 11 historic cities of Shanxi and Shannxi along the Yellow River for the purpose of finding the original real meaning of the residential environment of Chinese ancient cities, and then carefully studies the urban design method of ancient cities and their supporting system. In the meantime the thesis summarizes the law of evolution and changes of historic city form through historical study upon the historic cities' development and changes to make suggestions of how to develop and protect the region.On the basis of study on the characteristics of the natural and humane environments, this thesis tidies up the thread of thought in the development of historic cities of Shanxi and Shannxi along the Yellow River and analyzes factors affecting the emergence of cities and the law of city form evolution. Through field study and textual research into the historical documents the thesis generalizes the functions of historic city as the nine functions of "administration, heaven worship, trade, residence, education, roads, defense, stock, praise", and summarizes the land proportion of the various functions of ancient city by means of rationalism, and furthermore reaches a new level of understanding of the deep meaning of the residential environment of the historic city and its nature, and then proposes the urban trinity structure of "human space", "ceremony space" and "divinity space" and the residential environment building thought of "civil bless and military defense". Starting form the thought of "civil bless", the thesis puts emphasis on the study on the ancient urban design, presents the eight elements of "nature, axis, framework, mark, region, edge, bottom, landscape" in the material layer of urban design, the four elements of " the unity of spirit and man, decrees and regulations, religious order, local traditions" in the spiritual layer of urban design and the three elements of "tao, curve, nil" in the artistic layer of urban design. Starting from "the thought of military defense", the thesis studies on the defense, roads, water supply, drainageand flood control of the ancient cities. The thesis also studies respectively on the existent state, evolutional pattern and evolutional law of the historic cities of Shanxi and Shannxi along the Yellow River, proposes various preservation and development modes suitable to the many types of ancient cities and presents the overall regional development conception.Through research, this thesis brings forth new ideas on the functional structure of ancient cities, the rationalism in the land use scale, the meaning of historic city residential environment, the design method of ancient city design and its supporting net, the evolution law of ancient cities and their preservation and development laws and so on, adds new substance to the forward tasks of the history of Chinese ancient human settlements construction, the thought of human settlements construction and the design method of oriental cities, gives some initial study to some areas, and therefore has important academic and practical values. Besides, this thesis systematically sorts out and summarizes the historical documents, historical charts and mapping achievements, lays a foundation for this task and related tasks, and therefore has important historical value.