Studies On The New Three-Dimensional Active Optical Imaging Theory And System

Three-dimensional (3D) active optical detection technic or 3D laser detecting and ranging (LADAR) technic is a new optic detection technic which obtains full space information. It has been widly imployed in target identify, roborts vision, terrain reconnaissance, 3D modeling, etc. Compare with other 3D active optical detection technics 3D active optical imaging technic has merits of high speed, high resolution, and high reliable. As a new 3D detection technic, 3D active optical imaging technic is still straight forward. The theory foundation of 3D active optical imaging technic is still developing. This dissertation analyses the factors which influence the performences of 3D active imaging systems, presents the new 3D active optical imaging methods and systems.From the point of light source, the 3D active imaging system is consist with continouse wave light source 3D imaging system (CW3DIS) and pluse light souce 3D imaging system (P3DIS). Light source, targets, background and photoelectronic receiver are analized as the factors which influence the performences of 3D active imaging systems. The performances of 3D active optical imaging systems are also analized form the informatics point. The conception of distance detection limited precision is preseted.By the analisis of CW3DIS, half-wave correlation phase discrimination 3D imaging method with a performance 28%～50% higher than traditional method is present from the point of optimizing modulation style of light source. By the import of indirect differential frequences conception, numeric differential frequences method with improves the absolute measurement distance 1 times is present. From the point of amend backscatter light power, backscatter light power meausurement method is presented. The new methods expand the applicable areas of the CW3DIS.By the analisis of P3DIS, pluse-shape-free 3D imaging method with high linear accuracy and supper-resolution depth measurement is presented from an innovation of distant measurement principle. By this method, the question of the high quality pulse shape demended from the 3D imaging system with supper-resolution depth mapping is raveled out. The confine of light sources is expanded and the development space of 3D imaging system is extended.A drive circuit with a 6A apex to apex value drive current is developed. A 3 MHz modulation for a single laser diode (LD) with 5 W output power is realized. A drive circuit with 600 V apex to apex value drive voltage is developed. Square wave modulation for photoelectric receiver is realized. A control circuit with high precision frequences is developed, the stable of the frequences is better than 0.015%, the stable of phase is better than 0.5%. A CW3DIS based on new method is developed. The imaging system has an array of 800×600 pixels and an imaging rate of 15 frames per second. 3D imaging experiment results show that the distance precision is 0.26 meters at a depth of 50 meters and the distance precision is 1.2 meters at a distance of 200 meters.A drive circuit with 180 A pex current, 80 ns minimum pluse width, 50 KHz maximum repetition, and 60 V maximumu work voltage is developed. Pex 864 W output light power and average 16.8 W output light power is realized. A drive circuit with 100 KHz maximum repetition, 50 ns eadge time and low electromagnetic disturbance is developed. A gated photoelectric receiver is realized. Linear increase modulation of the image intensifier is realized by constant voltage drive method. A control circuit with less than 1 ns jitter and 2 ns step differencial delap between two drive signals is realized. The imaging system has an array of 800×600 pixels and an imaging rate of 15 frames per second. 3D imaging experiment results show that the measurement distance is longer than 1 kilometer and the distance resolution is better than 2 meters.