The Cascade Hydropower Stations Optimal Operation And Its Automation System Construction

The optimal operation of cascade hydropower stations is a significant approach to study the relationship between the power stations and water heads scattering along the upstream and downstream in the river basin and then plan them all as a whole. It is also an important way to make use of hydro energy scientifically, an intrinsic requirement of building a resource-conserving and environment friendly society, and a vital road to reach the goal of energy saving and emission reducing. That is why this paper focuses on the optimal operation of cascade hydropower stations and building the automatic system of it. In different angles and levels, this paper will illustrate how to manage the optimal operation form the optimal operation model, the approaches, efficiency analysis, management mode of cascade dispatching and automatic system building, also get the following achievements:(1) Evolutionary algorithm can solve multi-objective problems well. However, current MOPSO(Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization) can not preserve the best individual and need to predefine sharing parameter, which led to non-converging or fall into local solution. Thereby, a new MOPSO based on Pareto optimal external archives is brought forward. It will preserve the non-inferior solution by applying the external archives and keep the diversity of solution sets by niching.(2) Considering the current problems of operating cascade hydropower stations, such as multi-dimensional problems, multi-stages problems and multi-constraint condition and non-linear extra-complicated problems, a model which maximizes the generation and firm output was built. Discriminant coefficient of water storage and supply derived from the principle of relative growth rate was applied into the solution of the model to search for the optimal plan meeting the various kinds of constraint conditions.(3) Considering the project economic expectation, social objective and ecological environment vision, a lot of models should be built while planning the operation system, such as cascade hydropower station model, objective function of flood control according to the principle of the best flood peak reduction, ecotype water demand calculating model, coupling model of water quality and quantity along the river, multi-objective model which maximize the usable capacity of a reservoir under the condition of sediment erosion and deposition and in the meanwhile, maximize the electric power capacity under the condition of sediment reduction, objective function of water deficit and depend ability of irrigation, dispatching analog model of balancing the water demand between multi-water resources and multi-users. To further prove the availability of the large-scale cascade hydropower station multi-objective model and MOPSO based on Pareto optimal external archives, this paper set Jinsha River and the Yangzi River as a living example to do the research on the electric power generation and multi-objective flood control.(4) In view of the unconventional pattern of the mixed pumped-storage plant which not only changed the run mode of the reservoir, but also relating the combined dispatching problem of the up and down stream reservoirs, this paper optimized the operation of mixed pumped-storage plant to get the maximum "water head" increasing electricity output and maximized the difference between multi-year mean capacity and pumping electricity consumption along with the maximization of multi-year mean peak regulation power and cascade economic benefit after peak and valley price putting into practice. The research has a significant impact and wild application vision to the run mode of mixed pumped-storage plant and perfection of the reservoirs dispatching system.(5) The dispatching automation system is a necessary component in modern IntelliGrid dispatching automation system. This paper reveals the developing trends, system construction and the function of the platform applications and senior applications of the dispatching automation system in nowadays and designed the system structure. Also, the paper brings forward four modes to manage the cascade dispatching:single hub dispatching management, zone management of cascade dispatching, zone-united dispatching management and cascade-united dispatching management.