Research On Color System Of Tibetan Architecture

Tibetan architecture is extremely unique in Chinese national culture, and its layout and style, materials and structure, color and decoration, are all with unique national characteristics, geographical features, and traditional heritage. As one of the important visual elements of Tibetan architectural style, Tibetan architectural color has special efficacy, ornamentation, and identification, and it is one of the most typical features of Tibetan architecture in snow-covered plateau. Formed and developed in this particular geographical environment of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Tibetan architectural color exists between two ancient civilizations, and it is greatly influenced by Tibetan Buddhist culture and Bon culture, creating its unique architectural color culture, and gradually evolving the color system of traditional Tibetan architecture. The color composition of traditional Tibetan architecture system is an important medium which expresses the characteristics of Tibetan architecture and geographical architectural color environmental landscape. However, on the one hand, along with the rush process of rapid urbanization and globalization, the architectural color environment in traditional Tibetan region is submerged by new building complexes, which are spring up like mushrooms. While on the other hand, owing to the incomplete theory of traditional Tibetan architectural color and the incomprehension of designers to Tibetan architecture, as well as current utilitarian-oriented design patterns and construction situation, the architectural color environment in Tibetan region appears disorderly, in the situation of destruction and chaos, which changes the architectural environment color and texture of original towns and villages, eroding national characteristics gradually. In this context, it is very important to review and sort Tibetan architectural color system in order to protect and inherit regional architectural culture.Based on the unique background of natural and human cultural environments in the plateau region, this article has traced the origin and the formation of Tibetan architectural color in respect of architectural environment, building culture, construction technique and building materials. In accordance with the historical development and present situation, the composition and expression way of Tibetan architectural color system have been discovered through research, and the concept of "Tibetan architectural color system" has been promoted. Thus, the systematical law of Tibetan architecture has been profoundly studied, establishing a theoretical framework of Tibetan architectural color system.(1) To analyze the evolution process of Tibetan architectural color system from the perspective of folk culture and religious culture; elucidate the phenomena of color groups, such as Black-white, Red-white, Red-white-blue, which appeared in Tibetan architectural color system; discuss the emergence and development of Golden color in Tibetan architectural color system; and conclude systematically the development and vicissitude of Tibetan architectural color system, as well as analyze the underlying causes.(2) To conclude and sort the formation and features of major traditional Tibetan architectural color system, including Tibetan palace buildings, temple construction, garden structures, residential houses, and religious castle construction. In respect of different types of Tibetan buildings, as well as buildings in various areas, comparative study has been carried out for color system, and the underlying causes have been analyzed. The formation of Tibetan architectural color system has been analyzed as well. Moreover, the hierarchy shown by Tibetan architectural color, as well as its corresponding architectural level, has been concluded fairly systematically, abstracting the law and feature of Tibetan architectural color system.(3) That Tibetan architectural color is actually a systematical architectural color has been verified through the analysis of architectural color in Cijiaolin Village and Lhasa old urban zone. And the formation of architectural color system of Tibetan traditional individual building, architectural complex, rural settlements and town settlement has been revealed through systematic analysis of these two typical cases. Thus, "Mosaic color systematical formation pattern" of Tibetan architectural color system has been extracted, and that the formation pattern of architectural color system is one of the main cause of highly associative perception and deep sense of coherence exhibited by the traditional architectural landscape environment in Tibetan region has also been indicated.(4) To explore the heritage and development of Tibetan architectural color system in the contemporary era under the guidance of sustainable development concept. Through evaluate and investigate the image of Tibetan traditional architectural color in Lhasa, people's quantitative perception of architectural color has been educed. That traditional Tibetan architectural color extremely requires protection and heritage has been concluded through analysis and comparison. Through the study of Tibetan architectural color system, the construction of Tibetan city in the contemporary era and the creative architecture design, as well as the regional representational system of Tibetan architecture formation can be enlightened and referenced beneficially.