Study On Theory & Practice Of National Parks Construction In China

Biodiversity is the foundation of human's subsistence and development. Establishing kinds of protected areas is the mail type of conserving biodiversity in the world. However, between the actuality of our model and management and economy development, it has also many contradiction and conflict. Therefore, it become severe problems that"how to solve the contradiction between protection and development, how to improve and rebuild the ideas of protected areas and how to establish our protected areas system reasonably?", and then to solve these problems is the main aim of the paper.Based on literature referment, ecological and sociology survey, the writer had analysed the development of protected areas in the world, especially to the actuality and problems of China based on SWOT, representative cases and integration method. Expatiating on the genesis,development, connotation, characteristic of national parks in foreign countries, and aiming at our situation, researching the function orientation, resource evaluate,subarea management modle ,management mechanism and some technical regulations of establishing national park in China.The results showed:(1)Protected areas aiming at achieving sustainable development, is the main type of conserving biodiversity in the world. The connotation of sustainable development is"pay equal attention to present age and afterworld, to protection and development". China has made great progress in establishing protected areas, including nature reserves, scenic landscape, forest parks and geological parks atc, among which nature reserves is the main model of China, but short of national parks.(2)National parks is a type of protected areas,which is differ from nature reserves and scenic landscape.According to the past experiences, national parks system is an effective resolving measure to deal with the relationship between conservation management and local community development because its essential strategy is conserving ecological environment and natural resource and developing reasonably, achieving large-scale protection through small-scale exploitation, and at the same time, it also supplied opportunity and ideal areas to public for touring, scientific researching, educating and recreating. Especially in Asia and Africa, we can not only promote the protection of ecological environment and natural resource, but also accelerate the development of economy and society,and at last, achieving the sustainable development.(3)To solving the jams in our protected areas,we should use scientific outlook on development. According to 50 years practice of our protected areas and our country's situation, the national park system has some inspirations for solving it.Using the experience of national parks system for reference, establishing efficient national parks system adapt to our country, could be promoted the sustainable development of our protected area and achieved coordinated development among ecological,social and economic.