Evaluation Research On The Social Service Function Of Urban Park

This dissertation presents an empirical study of evaluation on the social service function of urban green space. Taking Tai'an city as an example, landscape pattern, accessibility and equity were analyzed by using GIS technology and other new methods. Meanwhile, the usage and non-use evaluation of urban green space were analyzed, by using POE, CVM, questionnaire and observation. The research aimsto provide advice for the construction of urban green space. The major findings of the present study are summarized as follows:1. Analysis of urban green space landscape patternIn the dissertation, landscape patterns of urban green space were analyzed on patch level and landscape indexes by using Fragstats software, on the basis of landscape ecology theory, Quickbird images and other graphic materials.Analysis of patch composition showed that, regarding the number, medium patches were the most, followed by small patches, larger patches and the largest patches. With respect to the total area, the larger patches were the most, followed by medium patches, the largest patches and small patches. Analysis of feature values showed that LPI of forest was the highest, while PD, ED and LSI were comparatively lower. PD and LSI of ubsidiary green space were the highest, while ED was comparatively higher, and LPI were the lower. PD, ED, LPI, and LSI of parks were lower. LPI of other green was the lowest, while PD, ED and LSI were in the middle. ED of corridor green spaces was the highest, while PD, LPI and LSI were higher. Analysis of spatial structure of patches showed that corridor green space and subsidiary green space had the highest fragmentation while forest the lowest. Diversity analysis showed that dominance and richness were low, and diversity needed to improve. Nine landscape indices correlation analysis, with the use of SPSS software, showed that number of patches could cause changes in boundary and shape of patches, and then caused the changes in PD, ED and PAFRAC, and D and E were negative related. Primary component analysis indicated that patch feature indices and landscape indices were the first primary component index, LPI and D were the second. The total evaluation result showed that subsidiary green was the highest and parks and forset were the lowest. Based on these analyses, the development of urban park and corridor green space was proposed to improve landscape pattern.2. Analysis of social service function of urban green spaceAccessibility was calculated with the distance/cost weighted of spatial analyst in ArcMap, based on QuickBird images and other graphic materials.Accessibility of the overall green space showed that the service area and population ratio was the downward trend, increasing with time. Sub-quadrant analysis and integrated service area and population ratio showed that the 8th quadrant was the best, and the 5th and the 6th quadrant were the lowest. Accessibility of the park showed that service could meet the need of 20% of the population in 15 min. Sub-quadrant analysis showed that the 1st quadrant was the best, the 4th, 5th, and 6th quadrants were zero, and other quadrants were between the range. Accessibility of park planning, service area and population ratios were 27.73% and 24.57% in 15min. Data was improved, especially in the 4th and 5th quadrants, but no significant improvement in the 6th quadrant. Based on the above, the improvement of accessibility of urban green space was related to green area, patch number, space structure and road network. Analyses of park equity showed that the more parks for the use of higher socio-economic status, to a certain extent, reflected the unfairness of the services.Urban park was proposed to build in the 6thquadrants to meet people's need.3. Research of usage and non-use values evaluation of urban green spaceWith the methods of POE and CVM, using observation, interviews and questionnaires, parks in study region were analyzed. The results were as follows:Activities in urban green space divided into three categories: leisure activities, fitness activities, children and youth activities, and other activities such as performances and exhibitions.Survey of usage of urban green space showed that people often go residential green space in weekdays, city parks and squares in weekends and scenic spot in holidays. Travel tools were mainly on foot, non-motor vehicles and motor vehicles in turn. Residents were most dissatisfied with facilities while less satisfied with landscape. And residents were most dissatisfied with dining space in parks (24.4%), and most dissatisfied with quiet space in squares (15.9%).Research on non-use value evaluation of urban green space showed that ratios of willingness to pay in two surveys were 60.6% and 61.0%; and average values were 38.12 yuan/(people·year) and 38.80 yuan/(people·year), median value was 20 yuan/(people·year). Correlation analysis showed that willingness to pay and the satisfaction were significantly related. Willingness to pay value were significantly related with educational experience and monthly income, and other factors had some correlation but not significant. Regression equation explained the variables by the F test and t test, but the goodness of fit was not high. The result had a positive significance for government understanding what factors affect the attitude of residents and overall development of urban green space.