Research On Health Evaluation System And Strategies For Conservation And Management Of Pere David's Deer

Pere David's deer is a species of peer only found in China, belongs to Genus Elaphurus, Family Alcesalces, Order Artiodactyla, and class Mammalia. It is listed as Class I (Equivalent to Endangered) species under state protection in China and "Extinct in the Wild" in the IUCN Red List.In this study, based on physical measurement and detection of immune, endocrine, hormone, liver function and free radical metabolism, the animal health evaluation system was explored and established in Beijing Milu Park. Results were as follows:First, at the aspect of body weight and body size. In the case of the same age, all indicators are larger in male group than that of female. By correlation analysis, hind limb length was shown significantly correlated with body weight and head length, not with forehead width, and correlated with chest circumference, circumference, chest width, chest deep. Other parameters significantly correlated with each other.Second, at the aspect of serum albumin, globulin, total protein content. Shows that these three indicators are all positively correlated with age, serum albumin level and age have the biggest correlation (r=0.408). Total protein content of young groups is significantly different with youth groups, adult and old groups.The content of albumin of young group is significantly different with adult group, and globulin content of young significantly different with adult and old groups.Third, at the aspect of immunoglobulin IgG, IgM, IgA, The mean IgG levels of female elk in each age group were higher than males. Levels of IgM and IgA significantly correlated. IgG, IgM, and IgA levels were not significantly different among all age groups. IgG concentration has positive correlation with testosterone level.Fourth, at the aspect of hormone. There were significant differences in growth hormone content between the 1 year old and 2 years groups. As to thyroxin content between the 1 year old and 3 years,1 year old and 7years,3years and 6years,6 years and 7 years groups were significant differences. As to insulin content, no significant differences was found among all age groups.Fifth, at the aspect of indicators of liver function. Values of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bile acid and cholinesterase are higher in male than female. There are significant correlation betweent alanine aminotransferase and aspartate ammonia aminotransferase and total bile acid. Alanine aminotransferase has significantly negative correlation with the body weight. There are no significant differences in cholinesterase levels among all age groups.Sixth, at the aspect of free radical. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in male were higher than female. Activities of malondialdehyde (MDA) in male were higher 2.37% than female. After significant difference analysis on free radical metabolism, superoxide dismutase (SOD) was found to be significantly different between male and female, but malondialdehyde (MDA) was not.