Basic Studies On The Wide Compatibility And Broad-spectrum Restorer Line R228

R228 was bred by Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center. It is a restorer line of wide compatibility and broad-spectrum material. its botanical characteristics, discrimination of indica and japonica Subspecies, lodging resistance, wide compatibility, combining ability, broad spectrum of restoration, the alleles of restoration gene,the loci of restoration gene, the using of molecular marker technology in breeding wide compatibility and broad-spectrum restoring lines were systematically studied and further discussed. The main g results are as follows.1 R228 has an ideal plant and leaf types. Its flag leaf opening angle was less than 15.65°. The character of flag leaf is short, wide, straight and thick. Root growing ability of R228 was strong at seedling stage; the active root area was large and owned strong root activity at the later developmental stage. Its stem is stout, Basal node short, tillers per plant less, panicle large, primary branches developed, the grain density high, grains per tiller more,grain weight small.2 Cheng's index of R228 is 16, TDj value of R228 is 0.6131. R228 owned 8 Japonica rice loci in 24 testing loci. The results showed that R228 is japonicalinous indica rice.R228 had good compatibility with all of the tested materials, the seed setting rate of hybrids, was high, R228 is a good wide compatibility variety.R228 had better compatibility with japonica rice variety than with indica rice.3 The average lodging index of combinations of R228 is 97.46,22.5% lower than that of Shanyou 63.The results shows that R228 and its combinations had strong lodging resistance, R228 is an excellent lodging resistance restoration line.Due to the short plant height, short the upper second elongated internodes, thicker the basal internodes and better pushing resistance per plant, R228 and its combinations had good lodging resistance.4 The average seed rate is 81.34% in the combinations between R228 and japonica CMS lines, two-line japonica sterile lines,73.13% with indica CMS lines, and 79.1% with 16 sterile lines of 10 different Cytoplasm sources. Further proof, R228 is an excellent restoration line to all of CMS lines collected. The restoration spectrum of R228 is wide than that of existing major restorer line, so R228 is a broad-spectrum strong restoration line.5 The general combining ability of R228 is better than that of Minghui 63, the hybrids of R228 have good plant and leaf type, more seed per plant and higher seed set rate but the less tiller.6 HL-type restorer lines owned two pairs of independent restoration gene by using A/ B/R group genes. BT restoration lines just have one pair of restoration gene in general, but R228 have two pairs of independent restoration gene of BT-type CMS line.7 In the study of allelic genes,326 was identified to have two pairs of non-allelic restoration gene, R838 one pair of non-allelic major gene.8 According to the probability of strong restoration lines in the segregating population, the restoration lines of genetic transmission power were evaluated, XH207, Miyang 46, R527, Minghui63, LH422, R228 was good restoration parent.9 Using SSR markers, one pair of WA restoration gene was located respectively on chromosome 1 and 10, the distance between marker RM220 and restoration gene on chromosome 1 was 6.7 cM, the distance between markers RM258, RM6100 and restoration gene on chromosome 10 was respectively 2.4 cM,4.2cM.10 Two pairs of HL-type restoration genes were located on chromosome 10 by the use of Yuetai A//Yuetai B/R228 groups, co-separated respectively with SSR markers RM1108,RM5373.11 Built a DNA marker-assisted selection system for the breeding of wide compatibility and broad-spectrum restorer lines, the system is efficient, cheap and time saver.15 lines of 17 selected by MAS have wide compatibility,15 lines have strong restoring ability to WA-type CMS,16 lines were good at the restoring ability to HL-type CMS, The restoring degree of 14 lines to Dwarf CMS exceeds 75% and 15 lines could well restore BT-type CMS.12 In 68 hybrids between 17 restoration lines and 4 CMS lines, the yield of 50 hybrids is higher than Jinyou 207, the control, the yield of 34 hybrids is 5% higher than Jinyou 207.13 Comparison of the yield of combinations of R228 and the combinations of 7R04, the general combining ability of 7R04 was significantly higher than that of R228. The advantage of 7R04 is the number of tillers and grain weight.