Study On The Health Assessment And Management Model Of Protective Forest In Typical Basin Of Beijing Mountaionus Area

The study is based on a new concept of forests health management created by Professor Chen who insists on constructing an integration model of diagnoses and treatment for forest health by borrowing the following ideas from the traditional Chinese herbal treatment, such as comprehensive observation, treatment of complications, using traditional Chinese medicine in comprehensive ways, psychological adjustment of the whole body.The author sets up a conceptual framework for constructing the model by integrating diagnose and treatment of forests health under the guidance of following scientific theories:Chinese medicals, systematic science and landscape ecology. The practical study was carried on in the following three typical protective forest system in gulled-hilly region in Beijing:Chaoguan west valley, Ban Chenzi and Tumen west valley. The evaluation indices system and the comprehensive evaluation model are established based on the data from the investigation of plot, the investigation of two types, remote-sensing images, etc. to protective forest system in gulled-hilly region. Based on the theatrical and practical studies above, the target of the study is to create concepts and methods for health management towards protective forest system in gulled-hilly region.(1) By borrowing from Chinese medicals ideas such as:"treating the deceases through comprehensive observation, treatment of complications with Chinese medicine, using traditional Chinese medicine in comprehensive ways, psychological adjustment of the whole body", the essay puts forward the forests health model by integrating diagnose and treatment, which includes the analysis for major deceases of forests, the standard, the degree, the procedure, the standard, the methods and the ratio system of evaluation for major deceases of forests, together with the principle and measures for treatment towards the deceases of forests.(2) The health evaluation ratio system for protective forest system in gulled-hilly region scale, which composes three evaluation sub-system, such as the completion of the structure, the stability of the system, dynamic among the groups, couple with 11 ratio for evaluation. Establishing health evaluation ratio system for protective forest system in gulled-hilly with landscape scale includes such 3 sub-systems as the completion for shelter forests, patterns and functions of Landscape, as well as 11 ratio for evaluation.(3) The author grades the health situation of protective forests in watershed as the following 5 levels:excellent, healthy, sub-healthy, unhealthy and sick. The standards for evaluation ratio system were established by using the quantities and qualities methods. (4) The evaluation ratio coefficient is obtained by adopting level analysis methods. difference vectors of evaluation in small class scale: difference vectors of evaluation in landscape scale:(5) The author conducts the analysis and study to the present situation of protective forest system in gulled-hilly regions. He also carries on an analysis to the general state and different geographic features of protective forests in different watershed. The watershed landscape were classified depending the dominant tree species and the types of land use. In the way, the Chaoguan west valley has 12 types of landscape, Ban Chenzi has 14 and Tumen west valley has 9. By analyzing the structure of landscape elements and landscape pattern, it is suggested that forests landscape composes the main part of the landscape of Gulled-Hilly Region, performing the main functions of the landscape in this type of landscape.(6) The results of assessing forest health by applying the methods of Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation are as follows:For the small class scale:25 small classes of sub-health in the Chaoguan west valley,3 for excellent and 3 for sick,6 for health and 4 for unhealthy. For Ban Chenzi valley:151 for sub-health,24 for excellent,8 for sick,61 for healthy and 65 for unhealthy. For Tumen west valley:11 for sub-health, 2 for excellent,3 for sick and 6 for healthy and 6 for unhealthy.For the landscape scale:The protective forests of Chaoguan west valley was at the level of health with the comprehensive healthy index value of 5.9434. The evaluation of subsystem:Hc1 was at the level of sub-health, Hc2 was at the level of excellent, Hc3 was at the level of health.The protective forests of Ban Chenzi valley was at the level of sub-health with the comprehensive healthy index value of 5.6408.The evaluation of subsystem:Hb1 was at the level of sub-health, Hb2 was at the level of excellent, Hb3 was at the level of health.The protective forests of Tumen west valley was at the level of sub-health with the comprehensive healthy index value of 5.3995.The evaluation of subsystem:Ht1 was at the level of health, Ht2 was at the level of excellent, Ht3 was at the level of unhealth.(7) In order to improve the landscape functions of protective forests, multi-objective optimization model was applied to adjust the landscape pattern in watershed area, with the consideration of the present situation of the landscape types and the areas of landscape.(8) According to the obtained results, we try to set up the document about the health conditions of the protective forest system in gulled-hilly region and the measures for the forest health management. The goal of the forest health management for the protective forest system in gulled-hilly region has been put forward as follows:keeping the functions of the protective forest system as water and soil conservation, water resources conservation, confirming the suitable ways of the trees species allocations and the diversities of landscape if different drainage areas.