The Molecular Immunological Mechanism Of Chicken With Nutritional Encephalomalacia

A series of indexes reflecting free radical changes, anti-oxidations, Immune function, endocrine function was studied by Chemiluminescence (CL)method, immunoturbidimetry, ANAE dye method, micro-hemagglutination inhibition test and radio imiminoassay(RIA ) in the chicken with encephalomalicia induced by giving the feed being deficient in VE and extra fish oil artificially .The pathological changes including microscopic and ultramicroscopic changes in the relative organs and tissues were observed. The results indicated that: 1 The nutritional encephalomalacia(NE) were induced successfully in the chicken fed the diets with lower vitamin E(VE) and extra fish oil.2. VE deficiency induced excessive oxygen nitrogen free radical(NO) and lipid peroxides(LPO),disturbed the free radical metabolism, reduced the function of scavenging free radicals and anti-oxidant defense system in the experimental chicken, which resulted in strongly oxidant stress, and caused a series of pathological changes, which contributed to the pathogenesis of NE in the chickens.3 The E-C3bR(%)and E-ICR(%)in chickens with encephalomalacia chicks were significantly lower than mat of heahhy ones. The results indicated mat the immune function of erythrocyte in those chicken were inhibited markedly.4 The number of the white blood cell(WBC),the sum total of lymphocytes and the activity of T lymphocytes ANAE+ in the ataxic chicks were significantly lower than that of the control group. The results indicated that vitamin E deficiency has evidently inhibited in the cell-mediated immune functions of the chicken.5 The concentration of serum IgG, IgM and IgA and the titre of hemagglutination inhibition antibody for Newcastle disease(HI) in ataxic chicks were significantly lower than that of the control group. The results indicated that vitamin E deficiency evidently inhibited in humour immune function of the chickens.6 The concentration of interieukins (IL-1 and IL-2) in the serum of the chickens with encephalomalacia had a significantly variance. The results indicated that the lower concentration of interteukins were one of the inhibition mechanisms of immune functions in the chicks with encephalomalacia.7 The concentrations of complement C3 and C4 in the serum in ataxic chicks were significantly lower than that of the control group .These results indicated that synthesizing andsecreting functions of the complements were reduced because of the VE deficiency, which was one of the important inhibition mechanisms of immune function in the chicks with ME.8 The plasma level of PGE2 was significantly higher than in VE deficient chicks compared with the healthy ones. The results indicated that the macrophage of the chicks with NE was damaged by lipid peroxides and increased in Die production of PGE2,which inhibited the function of macrophage and the lymphocytes.9 The plasma level of TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF]. and TXB2 /6-keto-PGFi. (T/P) hi ataxic chicks were significantly higher than that of healthy ones. The results indicate that level of plasma TXB2 and 6-keto-PGFi. and T/P have significant effect on the development of NE.10 hi the chicks with NE, The thymus, bursa of Fabricius bursa and spleen got small and weight lightly. On the optical microscope, the parenchyma cells degenerated and necrosed, and the number of lymphocytes decreased. The damages of the chondriosome was the main common phenomenon for the cell of the chick with NE. The accumulation of the free radicals and lipid peroxides in the chicks with NE caused the damages of the membrane and biological molecular, which inhibited the composition of ATP, resulted in the disorder of all metabolisms based on the ATP. Therefore, the structure of the chondriosome changed with the appearance of vacuole and the damaged spinal of the chondriosome in the chicks with NE. In addition, the metabolism of the lipids was disordered with the increasing in the number of lipid drops with the cells. Meantime, the endoplasmic reticulum was also damaged which indicated further that VE deficiency had a...