The Molecular Mechanism Of Chicken Encephalomalacia

The trial model with chicken encephalomalacia was set up by using the feed of low congtent of VE and supplying excessive unsaturated fatty acid in feed for studying the molecular mechanism of chicken encephalomalacia in the study. On the basis of observing the symptom and postmortem examination in clinic and determining the content of VE, the bodyweight, the weight of cerebrum and cerebellum, the focus of the study was on follows which were relative to neuropathic injury. The concentration of free radical and the function of antioxidant defense system of chicken with encephalomalacia were determined systematically. The protein and phospholipid constituent in membrane of neurocyte in brain of chicken with encephalomalacia was separated and studied with the method of SDS-PAGE electrophoresis and the method of high performance-thin layer chromatography respectively. The fluidity of neurocyte membrane of chicken with encephalomalacia was determined for the first time. The content of Ca and trace elements were determined in chicken encephalomalacia systematically and the status of Fe ion in cerebellum was observed. The activity of enzymes that were relative to metabolism of energy and neuro-medium in brain were checked systematically with the method of enzyme-histochemistry. Pathological examination was carried out by microscopic and ultramicroscopic observation. The apoptosis of neurocyte in brain was checked. Results and conclusion:1. The trial model with chicken encephalomalacia was set up successfully by using the feed of low content of VE and supplying excessive unsaturated fatty acid in feed in the study. The method was simple and practiced. It supplied the new way to set the trial model with encephalomalacia. The content of VE and the activity of XOD in serum caught be regarded as the diagnose index in laboratory.2. The deficiency of VE and the excessive UFA in feed resulted in the enhance of synthesizing and the reduce of clearing for free radical. So the free radical saved up in chicken. The content of ROS, MDA and NO and the activity of XOD increased. Meanwhile the function of antioxidant defense system increased to enhance the ability for clearing free radical and antagonized the damage to organism from free radical. So the activity of GSH-Px and T-AOC enhanced. But the compensative ability was limited and the activity of GSH-Px decreased abruptly and the T-AOC was not increased further in cerebellum of chicken with encephalomalacia. This showed that it existed the exhaustion of GSH-Px in cerebellum of chicken with encephalomalacia. The increase of free radical in organism was the primer and the exhaustion of GSH-Px in cerebellum was one of the factors for chicken encephalomalacia.3. The attack of free radical to organic membrane resulted in the changes of protein andphospholipid constituent in membrane of neurocyte and the decrease of fluidity of membrane of neurocyte. So the part of membrane of neurocyte solved and broke and the neurocyte became to degenerate and to necrosis. It was the patho-physiologic progress of neurocytic degeneration and necrosis that the change of protein and phospholipid constituent in neurocytic membrane and the decrease of fluidity of neurocytic membrane in chicken with encephalomalacia.4. The content of Fe and Cu increased and the content of Zn decreased, the change of the content of Se was consistent with the change of activity of GSH-Px and the content of Ca and Co did not changed in chicken with encephalomalacia. The change of Ca and trace element was all relative to the mechanism of free radical. The change of Fe ion status showed that Fe acted as medium in the progress of synthesizing free radical. It promoted the occurrence of chicken encephalomalacia. The coloring of Fe2+ increased in cerebellum of chicken with encephalomalacia, specially in district of edema. It pointed out that the light yellow-green color of soft district was the color of Fe2+.5. The attack of free radical to endotheliocyte in blood vessel resulted in the damage of endotheli...