| Through out the multi-area experiments in 7 different ecological areas, the male fertility variation of photoperiod-sensitive male sterile line wheat (A31) was studied. The fertile change mechanism and photoperiod sensitive stages of A31 were also studied by adopting sowing by stages and indoor artificial light control experiments, Meanwhile, the male sterility physiological mechanism of A31 was probed through the research of enzyme activity during pollen growing periods. The RAPD techniques were used for molecular marker of wheat Photo -sensitive male sterile genes and RAPD amplification system was optimized. The main results showed that:1. The results of experiments carried out in 7 ecological areas in Kunming, Yuanmou of Yunnan, Yangling of Shaanxi, Huzhu of Qinghai ,Shijiazhuang of Hebai ,Wuwei of Gansu and Yi'an of Heilongjiang showed that A31 had obvious fertility variation. The fertility of A31 did not have obvious correlation with the elevation of the experimental areas, but it dropped obviously with the raise of latitude of the areas .The photo period of jointing to earring stage was the main cause of male fertility of A31, the longer of the photoperiod, the lower of the fertility and it would be sterile completely when the average day -length reached a stable numerical value (about 14.5h ). The average air temperature of jointing to earring stage did not have obvious correlation with the fertility of A31, but it had effect to same extent when the day -length was near each other; high temperature could make the fertility resumed But no matter how high the temperature was, A31 could maintain stable male sterility when the day -length was higher than a stable numerical value (about 15 h ). So the critical day-length of fertile changes of A31 could be deduced by contrasting and analysis, it was about 14.5 hours.2.The sowing by stages and indoor artificial light control experiments carried out in Yangling showed the identical results with the multi-area experiments: the self breedfructification ratio of A31 dropped obviously with the sunshine day-length increasing, The length of illumination had the main effect on the fertile changes of A31 ,but temperature could also influence the fructification if the illumination-length did not reach a stable numerical value. High temperature could dispel long sunshine effects and accelerate fructification.3.The male sterility forms of A31 had diversity. The carpellody phenomenon was one form of stamen fertility, and it is also related to the day-length, but carpellody ratio hadn't obvious correlation with the fertility of A31.So it suggested the effect mechanism of stamen carpellody might be different with that of male sterility.4.The experiment of long sunshine treatment by stages in different periods during the anther growing was carried out. The result showed that the effect of long sunshine by stages treatments to fertility of A31 had great difference, that means the photoperiod sensitivity of A31 was different in different period, Further study showed that: in four spike differentiation periods period of floret primordial differentiation was the most sensitive to the photoperiod anther-partition period took the second place and there was little effect in spikelet primordial differentiation period and tetrad phase. The fertile changes of A31 was the result of accumulation of long sunshine effects during in these periods, and the key periods were floret primordial differentiation period and anther-partition period. If the demand of long sunshine could be satisfied in these two periods ,the fertility of A31 would change and show complete sterility.5. photo-period sensitive made sterile lines wheat (A31) were selected to study the activities of superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) in functional leaves and anthers. The results showed that SOD and CAT activities of A31 were little different with its nuclear donor common wheat before the period of dinucleate stage, but they would drop sharply after the dinucleate stage and would be remarkably...
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