Effect Of Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate And Soil Moisture On Carbon And Nitrogen Metabolism And Grain Yield And Quality Formation In Wheat

Research was initiated from 2004 to 2005, at the Experiment station of Shandong Agriculture University. Two cultivars were selected to study, viz. Jimai20 with strong gluten and Taishan23 with medium gluten. The effects of nitrogen rate and soil moisture on soil nitrogen and on the formation of grain yield and quality and its physiological and biochemical mechanism were studied by ¹⁵N isotope tracing technique and enzymological analysis method, in field and concrete pools with an automatic waterproof canopy synchronously. The effects of shading condition and different ratio of source to sink on the accumulation of protein and starch were also studied. The main results were as follow. 1. Differences in the formation of grain yield and quality of different wheat cultivarsCompared with Jimai20, Taishan23 had longer duration of high photosynthetic rate, higher SPS activity, more photosynthetic product, higher content of soluble sugar in stem and sheath, and higher translocation proportion and amount at the metaphase and anaphase during grain filling. Finaly, T23 gained higher grain yield than J20.Compared with Taishan23, Jimai20 had higher enzyme activity on nitrogen assimilation at the prophase of grain filling and higher enzyme activity on protein hydrolyzation at the anaphase of grain filling. At the same time, Jimai20 had much more amino acid at the prophase of grain filling and transferred it more adequately at the anaphase of grain filling. Thus Jimai20 gained better quality than Taishan23.2 Effects of nitrogen fertilizer rate and soil moisture on soil nitrogen and on metabolism of carbon and nitrogen in wheat cultivated in concrete pools with an auto waterproof...