| Rice stripe disease is one of the most economically devastating and widespread viral disease of rice, Oryza sativa L.. Rice stripe virus is persistently transmitted by the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus Fallen. The rice stripe disease has showed resurgence in middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River of China since 2000, and it caused the greatest loss of rice production among all kinds of rice diseases in some parts of this region. The practice of controlling the disease has indicated that the breeding of resistant cultivars is the most economically and environmentally safe method against the disease. At present, the most resistant japonica rice varieties carry the resistant gene Stv-bi which comes from indica rice variety Modan. However, varieties with a single resistance gene may lose their resistance if a new virus strain can overcome the Stv-bi, it is necessary to identify and exploit new genetic resources which are resistant to RSV in rice breeding programs. Although conventional cross breeding is the main approach to breed new resistant variety, it is less efficient. Modern gene engineering technology is exhibiting promising future as a new approach to improve rapidly those susceptible varieties. Therefore, the present studies include two aspects: one is to identify and locate the new gene(s) resistant to rcie stripe virus (RSV); another is to produce transgenic rice plants with resistance to RSV utilizing a new gene engineering strategy of RNA interference. The main results were showed as follows:1. In 2004 and 2005, 226 F2 lines derived from a cross between the susceptible japanica variety Balilla and the resistant indica variety Dular were used to assay the...
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