Studies On Water Consumption Characteristics Of Winter Wheat And Summer Maize Under Different Planting Patterns

The experiment was conducted at pool cultures and field conditions of Experimental Station of Agronomy College, Shandong Agricultural University and YuCheng Comperehensive Experimental Station of Chinese Academy of Science in Shandong Province, north China. There were four irrigation treatments in these experiments, i.e. without irrigation at the growth stages of winter wheat, irrigated at jointing stage, irrigated at jointing and heading stages, irrigated at jointing, heading and milking stages of winter wheat. For winter wheat, centralized planting patterns and straw mulched planting patterns were studied. As centralized planting patterns, wide-narrow row, furrow planting and bed planting were applied, all of them were adopted"20+40"models, that is, narrow row is 20cm, and wide row is 40cm. As for summer maize, only three planting patterns were applied, that is, bed planting, furrow planting and flat planting, consume water characteristics and rules of water in SPAC were studied, the main results were as follows:1 Effects of centralized planting patterns on consume water rules of winter wheatSoil evaporation of winter wheat farmland was mostly affected by weather elements near the ground surface, such as air temperature, air humidity, solar radiation, etc. Air temperature near the ground surface was decreased by centralized planting patterns, but air humidity above the ground surface was increased. Centralized planting patterns enhanced PAR reflectance and capture ration, so PAR transmittance was decreased, in all centralized planting patterns, PAR transmittance of furrow planting patterns was much lower than the other two. Furrow planting patterns decreased 5cm soil temperature in the daytime, increased 5cm soil temperature at night, but average temperature of one day was reduced. In thermodynamics balance equation, turbulent heat flux of flat planting patterns was much higher than those of furrow planting patterns and bed planting patterns, which indicated that much energy was used to enhance air temperature in flat planting pattern. Latent heat flux of wide-marrow row, furrow planting and bed planting were higher than that of flat planting, showed that turn flat planting pattern into centralized planting patterns, energy which used to evapotranspiration was increased.Soil moisture content in 0~30cm of furrow planting patterns was increased greatly, but...