Effects Of Varieties With Cultivated Measures On Quality And Yield Of Spring Maize

The effects of varieties and cultivation measures on the seed quality and yield formation of spring maize were studied and the mechanism of varieties and cultivation measures effecting maize quality and yield was explored by field experiment. The main results as following:1 The formation of maize yield and quality was the result of heredity property and environment factors, and the yield differences chiefly depended on synthetical decisiveness of varieties and environment, while the quality differences chiefly depended on the decisiveness of variety heredity property. To the common varieties of different types of maize the mean yield of 2002 was higher than that of 2003 by 28.35% and difference was extremely significant, while seed protein and fat content increased 2.63% and 2.50%, respectively, but the starch content decreased 1.97% and difference was not notable. The yield of Yuyu22 in 2002 was higher than that in 2003 by 20.70% and difference was extremely significant, while protein, fat and starch content reduced 6.53%, 2.23% and 1.94% and difference was not notable, respectively. It indicated that environment and cultivation methods effected maize yield sensitively while had little influences on quality composition. The root distributions of different varieties influenced the assimilation of soil water and nutrient and the growth of ground biomass, and had direct effects on photosynthetic areas and accumulation of photosynthetic outputs. The temperature of milky stage directly affected the milk intensity and the persistence of peak time, and it could effect grain weight and yield. The yield formation stage of Hudan4 was relatively concentrative, but the high temperature and intensive milky intensity and long peak time during milky stage leaded to the hundred grain weight of Hudan4 (43.03g) was bigger than that of Yuyu 22 (41.51g) and Zhongdan2 (31.88g) in harvest. Although Yuyu 22 was a late variety, its seed formation stage mainly centralized at prophase. It showed that the milky property was the main factor influencing the seed construction and quality formation and the quality composition mainly determined by the variety heredity property.2 Compared with conventional cultivation, maize yield, water use efficiency, the content of seed amylose and coarse starch and seed bulk density were significantly improved because of bettered soil ecology environment by plastic film mulch, but the changes of environment factors had uncertainty influences on protein, fat and lysine...