Study On Planting Patterns Of Year Round Forage Supply And Techniques Of Cultivation And Utilization In Intensive Agricultural Regions

It is an effective way to increase agricultural benefit and farmer's income through agricultural structure adjustment and cropping-livestock system based on animal husbandry in southern intensive agricultural regions. The development of forage industry in intensive agricultural regions will guarantee radically sustainable development of animal husbandry. So study in details and development on advisable patterns to put forage into cropping system and supply year round forage will have obvious effects on agricultural structure adjustment and increase benefits of forage-livestock system. In this study, optimal planting pattern of cropping-livestock and year round forage supply in southern intensive agricultural region was decided by comparison of feed value, economic and ecological benefits among six multiple cropping patterns. Theoretical evidence and technical approach on cultivation and utilization on technology of high quality and efficiency were provided by the way of nitrogen regulation and defoliation interval and on the basis of yield, quality and nitrogen utilization efficiency. Based on the analysis of forage quality and animal demand, a comprehensive forage-livestock system would be established. The main results were summarized as follows:1. Feed value and benefits for different multiple patterns were different. Six different cropping patterns were compared. Total crude protein yield and digestible dry matter yield in the patterns with two forage crops were higher than those in the patterns with one forage crop only. Content of Ca and P in forage crops was higher than those in grain crops in the same season. More ADF and NDF, which can be used efficiently by livestock, were supplied in forage crops. The soil properties after winter forage crops were improved with lower pH, higher organic materials and higher available mineral nutrients (N, P, K). However, available P and K were decreased significantly after summer crops. Pure profit and output/input of annual ryegrass-rice were the highest. Profit of annual ryegrass-Hybrid Pennisetum was the second, higher than that of wheat-rice. Pure profit and output/ input of rye-Hybrid Pennisetum were lower. Annual ryegrass-rice and annual ryegrass- Hybrid Pennisetum were the best grain-forage and forage-forage multiple cropping patterns, respectively, which would promote the development of animal husbandry in southern...